Department of Agricultural Machinery Engineering, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University, Khuzestan, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Oct;24(28):22547-22556. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9909-1. Epub 2017 Aug 13.
In recent years, bioethanol from sugarcane molasses has been produced on an industrial scale in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate molasses-based bioethanol production from an environmental point of view. Data were collected from Debel Khazai agro-industry situated in southern region of Iran by using face-to-face interviews and annual statistics of 2010 to 2016 (6-year life cycle of sugarcane cultivation). Ten impact categories including abiotic depletion (AD), acidification (AC), eutrophication (EP), global warming potential (GWP), ozone layer depletion (OLD), human toxicity (HT), freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity (FE), marine aquatic ecotoxicity (ME), terrestrial ecotoxicity (TE), and photochemical oxidation (PO) were selected based on CML methodology. Inventory data for production of the inputs were taken from Ecoinvent, BUWAL 250, and IDMAT 2001 databases. The results revealed that in sugarcane cultivation process, electricity and trash burning were the most important contributors to all impact categories except OLD and TE. In industrial phase, natural gas had the highest contribution to the most impact categories. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission for production of 1000 L molasses-based bioethanol was 1322.78 kg CO eq. By comparing total GHG emissions from 1000 L bioethanol to gasoline, the net avoided GHG emissions came out at 503.17 kg CO eq. According to results, it is clear that with increasing irrigation efficiency and improving performance of heating systems in industrial phase, environmental burdens would be significantly reduced.
近年来，伊朗已经在工业规模上生产甘蔗糖蜜基生物乙醇。本研究旨在从环境角度评估基于糖蜜的生物乙醇生产。通过面对面访谈和 2010 年至 2016 年（甘蔗种植 6 年生命周期）的年度统计数据，从位于伊朗南部地区的 Debel Khazai 农业综合企业收集数据。选择了十个影响类别，包括非生物资源枯竭（AD）、酸化（AC）、富营养化（EP）、全球变暖潜能值（GWP）、臭氧层消耗（OLD）、人类毒性（HT）、淡水水生生态毒性（FE）、海洋水生生态毒性（ME）、陆地生态毒性（TE）和光化学氧化（PO），基于 CML 方法。投入物生产的清单数据取自 Ecoinvent、BUWAL 250 和 IDMAT 2001 数据库。结果表明，在甘蔗种植过程中，除 OLD 和 TE 外，电力和垃圾焚烧是所有影响类别的最重要贡献者。在工业阶段，天然气对大多数影响类别有最高的贡献。生产 1000 升糖蜜基生物乙醇的温室气体（GHG）排放量为 1322.78 千克 COeq。通过比较 1000 升生物乙醇与汽油的总 GHG 排放量，净避免的 GHG 排放量为 503.17 千克 COeq。根据结果，显然，随着灌溉效率的提高和工业阶段加热系统性能的提高，环境负担将显著减轻。
