Department for the History, Philosophy, and Ethics of Medicine, Medical Faculty Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Eur J Pediatr. 2017 Oct;176(10):1411-1413. doi: 10.1007/s00431-017-2987-8. Epub 2017 Aug 13.
Pediatrics directly and indirectly played an important role in the history of the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine. However, the history of the Nobel Prize and pediatrics goes beyond the actual laureates. Based on original files in the archive of the Nobel committee of physiology or medicine at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, this overview aims to shed new light on why the international pioneers of pediatrics Abraham Jacobi (1830-1919) and Otto Heubner (1843-1926) were nominated but never received the prize in 1918. Moreover, Clemens von Pirquet (1874-1929), one of the founders of this journal in 1910 (previously known as Zeitschrift für Kinderheilkunde), also appears in the Nobel records during the first decades of the twentieth century, nominated by Heubner and others.
We argue that studies of Nobel nominations give new opportunities to study not only the selection process for Nobel laureates, but also to explore which pioneers were seen as the most outstanding at a particular point in time and why. What is known? • Recent historical research suggests that Nobel Prize nominations can help to reconstruct trends in medicine over time. What is new? • This paper takes a new approach on the history of pediatrics and shows why the internationally famous pediatricians Abraham Jacobi, New York, and Otto Heubner, Berlin, were runners-up for the Nobel Prize hundred years ago.
儿科学直接和间接地在诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的历史中扮演了重要角色。然而，诺贝尔生理学或医学奖和儿科学的历史不仅仅局限于实际的获奖者。本文基于瑞典卡罗林斯卡学院诺贝尔生理学或医学委员会档案中的原始文件，旨在阐明为何儿科学的国际先驱者 Abraham Jacobi（1830-1919 年）和 Otto Heubner（1843-1926 年）在 1918 年被提名却从未获奖。此外，Clemens von Pirquet（1874-1929 年），该杂志的创始人之一，于 1910 年创刊（前身为 Zeitschrift für Kinderheilkunde），在 20 世纪的头几十年的诺贝尔记录中也多次出现，由 Heubner 和其他人提名。
我们认为，对诺贝尔提名的研究不仅为研究诺贝尔奖获得者的评选过程提供了新的机会，还为探索特定时期哪些先驱者被视为最杰出以及原因提供了新的机会。已知内容？• 最近的历史研究表明，诺贝尔提名可以帮助重建医学随时间的发展趋势。新内容？• 本文以儿科学的历史为新视角，展示了为何百年前国际知名的纽约儿科学者 Abraham Jacobi 和柏林儿科学者 Otto Heubner 成为诺贝尔奖的亚军。
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