Mac Valerie Vi Thien, McCauley Linda A
Postdoctoral Fellow, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Dean and Professor, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2017 Nov;49(6):617-624. doi: 10.1111/jnu.12327. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
To review factors that impact the effect of hot environments on the human body in order to develop a conceptual model of human biological response.
The organizing concept for the model development was the multilevel integration of three major factors, exposure to heat, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, and the heat stress response. Exposure of a vulnerable occupational group was used to illustrate the components of the model.
Components of this framework include the hazard (environmental heat stress), vulnerability factors (workplace exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity), and the heat stress response. The combination of the vulnerability factors of workplace exposure (work intensity, duration), sensitivity (age, gender, etc.), and adaptive capacity (hydration, clothing, work hygiene) mediate a worker's heat stress response to the hazard. A worker's heat stress response can be classified as progressing towards two outcomes: physiologic equilibrium or physiologic disequilibrium.
This framework provides a starting point for the design and development of studies of heat-related illness (HRI) in farmworker and other vulnerable populations exposed to rising global temperatures.
Identification of vulnerability factors to HRI, informs research designs which will lead to the development of public health interventions.
回顾影响热环境对人体作用效果的因素，以建立人体生物反应的概念模型。
模型开发的组织概念是三个主要因素的多层次整合，即热暴露、敏感性和适应能力以及热应激反应。以一个易受影响的职业群体的暴露情况来说明该模型的组成部分。
该框架的组成部分包括危害因素（环境热应激）、脆弱性因素（工作场所暴露、敏感性和适应能力）以及热应激反应。工作场所暴露（工作强度、持续时间）、敏感性（年龄、性别等）和适应能力（水合作用、衣物、工作卫生）等脆弱性因素共同调节工人对危害因素的热应激反应。工人的热应激反应可分为朝着两种结果发展：生理平衡或生理失衡。
该框架为研究农场工人及其他暴露于全球气温上升环境中的脆弱人群的热相关疾病（HRI）的研究设计和开展提供了一个起点。
识别热相关疾病的脆弱性因素有助于研究设计，进而推动公共卫生干预措施的制定。
