From the University of Nairobi Institute of Tropical and Infectious Diseases (UNITID), University of Nairobi, P.O Box 91276 - 80103, Mombasa, Kenya.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, HMC Box 359909, 325 9th Avenue, Seattle, WA, 98104-2499, USA.
Reprod Health. 2017 Aug 14;14(1):95. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0360-z.
To successfully develop and implement school-based sexual health interventions for adolescent girls, such as screening for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis, it is important to understand parents' and teachers' attitudes towards sexual health education and acceptability of sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening interventions.
In this qualitative study, we approached parents and teachers from three high schools to participate in in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus-group discussions (FGDs). Parents and teachers were asked about their general knowledge of STIs and sexual health education. In addition, they were asked whether they would support utilizing outreach to schools to facilitate provision of sexual health education and screening for STIs in adolescent girls. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. An initial coding matrix was developed and refined throughout the coding process. Transcripts were coded by two researchers and analyzed using the content analysis approach.
We conducted 10 IDIs (5 parents and 5 teachers) and 4 FGDs (2 with parents, 2 with teachers, total of 26 participants). Most parents reported few or no discussions regarding STIs with their adolescent girls. Parents were more comfortable discussing consequences of sexual activity including loss of virginity and the potential for pregnancy. Parents tended to place responsibility for sexual health education with teachers. The teachers, in turn, provided basic sexual and reproductive health education including puberty, abstinence, and overview of STIs. Both parents and teachers found the idea of screening for STIs in adolescent girls to be acceptable, and were comfortable with research staff contacting girls through informational meetings at schools. Parents felt that adolescents' STI screening results should be shared with their parents.
In this African setting, parents and teachers provide limited sexual health education, with a focus on negative consequences including loss of virginity, pregnancy, and risk for STIs. Nonetheless, both parents and teachers were supportive of STI screening for adolescent girls, beginning with school-based informational meetings for the girls. Research and programs that aim to provide STI screening in this setting must offer treatment and address the issue of whether results will be disclosed to parents.
为成功开发和实施针对少女的基于学校的性健康干预措施，如筛查沙眼衣原体、淋病奈瑟菌和阴道毛滴虫，了解家长和教师对性健康教育的态度以及对性传播感染（STI）筛查干预措施的接受程度非常重要。
在这项定性研究中，我们联系了三所高中的家长和教师，邀请他们参加深入访谈（IDIs）和焦点小组讨论（FGDs）。我们向家长和教师询问了他们对 STI 和性健康教育的一般了解。此外，我们还询问了他们是否支持利用学校外展活动来促进为少女提供性健康教育和 STI 筛查。我们对数据进行了录音、转录和翻译成英文。在整个编码过程中，我们制定并完善了初始编码矩阵。两名研究人员对转录本进行了编码，并使用内容分析方法进行了分析。
我们进行了 10 次 IDIs（5 位家长和 5 位教师）和 4 次 FGDs（2 次与家长，2 次与教师，共 26 位参与者）。大多数家长表示，他们很少或没有与少女讨论过 STI。家长们更愿意讨论性行为的后果，包括失去童贞和怀孕的可能性。家长倾向于将性健康教育的责任交给教师。反过来，教师提供了基本的性和生殖健康教育，包括青春期、禁欲和 STI 概述。家长和教师都认为对少女进行 STI 筛查的想法是可以接受的，并且对研究人员通过在学校的信息会议联系女孩感到放心。家长们认为，应该将青少年的 STI 筛查结果与他们的父母分享。
在这个非洲环境中，家长和教师提供的性健康教育有限，重点是包括失去童贞、怀孕和感染 STI 的风险等负面后果。尽管如此，家长和教师都支持对少女进行 STI 筛查，从为女孩提供基于学校的信息会议开始。旨在提供 STI 筛查的研究和计划必须提供治疗，并解决是否将结果透露给父母的问题。
