Cvejić Dejan, Schneider Claudia, Neethling Willem, Hellmann Klaus, Liebenberg Julian, Navarro Christelle
Klifovet AG, Geyerspergerstr. 27, D-80689, München, Germany.
ClinVet International (pty) Ltd.,Uitsigweg, Bainsvlei, 9338 Bloemfontein, South Africa.
Vet Parasitol. 2017 Aug 30;243:52-57. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.06.011. Epub 2017 Jun 10.
The rapid speed of kill of a spot-on, combination of fipronil-permethrin (Effitix, Virbac) was shown against infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Ctenocephalides felis on dogs. Efficacy was determined against new infestations at weekly intervals for one month after treatment. Dogs were allocated randomly to either an untreated control or to a single administration, given on Day 0, of either topical fipronil-permethrin (6.7-13.4mg/kg and 60-120mg/kg, respectively) or oral afoxolaner (2.72-6.8mg/kg), based on pre-treatment, host-suitability flea counts. Dogs were infested with 50, unfed, adult R. sanguineus on Days 7, 14, 21 and 28, and with 100C. felis on Days 8, 15, 22 and 29. Tick counts were performed 0.5, 2, 6, 12 and 24h, and flea counts were performed 0.5 and 24h after each infestation. No treatment-related adverse reactions occurred. Dogs in the untreated group maintained viable infestations throughout the study. Following infestation, live tick and flea counts for dogs treated with fipronil-permethrin compared with untreated dogs were rapidly and significantly reduced with efficacy apparent at 0.5h after infestation. Flea efficacies (arithmetic mean counts) at 0.5h after infestation on Day 7 (Day 28) were significantly greater for fipronil-permethrin, 70% (34%) compared with 8% (18%) for afoxolaner (P≤0.05). Tick efficacies at 2h on Day 7 (Day 28) were 74% (63%) for fipronil-permethrin compared with 10% (0%) for afoxolaner (P≤0.05). Efficacies for tick repellency as indicated by counts of ticks off the dogs at 2h on Day 7 (Day 28) were greater for fipronil-permethrin, 32% (22%) compared with afoxolaner, 0% (0%) (P≤0.05). Anti-attachment efficacies at 12h were greater for fipronil-permethrin compared with afoxolaner. Tick efficacies at 24h, based on arithmetic (geometric) means, were significantly greater on Day 28 for fipronil-permethrin compared with afoxolaner (P≤0.05), 74% (87%) and 45% (60%), respectively, and were similar (P >0.05) on Days 7, 14 and 21. Flea efficacies, 24h after infestation were >98% and similar for both treated groups on all infestation days (P >0.05). The topically applied fipronil-permethrin containing ectoparasiticide Effitix offers rapid efficacy against R. sanguineus and C. felis which persists for one month after a single administration in dogs. Afoxolaner is also effective although speed of kill is slower. The rapid and sustained speed of kill of both parasites by fipronil-permethrin should contribute to effective management not only of these parasites and their direct adverse effects including irritancy and allergy, but also to reducing the risk of transmitting infections.
已证明，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯组合（爱滴克，维克公司）的滴剂对犬身上的血红扇头蜱和猫栉首蚤具有快速杀灭作用。治疗后，每周对新感染情况进行一次疗效测定，持续一个月。根据治疗前宿主适宜性跳蚤计数，将犬随机分为未治疗对照组或在第0天单次给予局部用氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯（分别为6.7 - 13.4mg/kg和60 - 120mg/kg）或口服阿福拉纳（2.72 - 6.8mg/kg）的组。在第7、14、21和28天给犬感染50只未进食的成年血红扇头蜱，在第8、15、22和29天给犬感染100只猫栉首蚤。在每次感染后0.5、2、6、12和24小时进行蜱计数，在每次感染后0.5和24小时进行跳蚤计数。未发生与治疗相关的不良反应。在整个研究过程中，未治疗组的犬身上的感染一直存在。感染后，与未治疗的犬相比，用氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯治疗的犬身上活蜱和跳蚤的数量迅速且显著减少，在感染后0.5小时就有明显疗效。在第7天（第二十八天）感染后0.5小时，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯的跳蚤杀灭率（算术平均计数）显著更高，为70%（34%），而阿福拉纳为8%（18%）（P≤0.05）。在第7天（第二十八天）感染后2小时，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯的蜱杀灭率为74%（63%），而阿福拉纳为10%（0%）（P≤0.05）。在第7天（第二十八天）感染后2小时，以离开犬的蜱计数表示的蜱驱避率，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯更高，为32%（22%），而阿福拉纳为0%（0%）（P≤0.05）。在12小时时，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯的抗附着效果比阿福拉纳更好。基于算术（几何）平均值，在第28天，氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯的24小时蜱杀灭率显著高于阿福拉纳（P≤0.05），分别为74%（87%）和45%（60%），在第7、14和21天两者相似（P>0.05）。在所有感染日，感染后24小时，两个治疗组的跳蚤杀灭率均>98%且相似（P>0.05）。局部应用含氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯的杀外寄生虫剂爱滴克对血红扇头蜱和猫栉首蚤具有快速疗效，在犬单次给药后可持续一个月。阿福拉纳也有效，尽管杀灭速度较慢。氟虫腈 - 氯菊酯对这两种寄生虫的快速且持续的杀灭作用不仅有助于有效管理这些寄生虫及其包括刺激和过敏在内的直接不良影响，还有助于降低传播感染的风险。
