Matsiko Amos, Levingstone Tanya J, O'Brien Fergal J
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Materials (Basel). 2013 Feb 22;6(2):637-668. doi: 10.3390/ma6020637.
Articular cartilage is a unique tissue owing to its ability to withstand repetitive compressive stress throughout an individual's lifetime. However, its major limitation is the inability to heal even the most minor injuries. There still remains an inherent lack of strategies that stimulate hyaline-like articular cartilage growth with appropriate functional properties. Recent scientific advances in tissue engineering have made significant steps towards development of constructs for articular cartilage repair. In particular, research has shown the potential of biomaterial physico-chemical properties significantly influencing the proliferation, differentiation and matrix deposition by progenitor cells. Accordingly, this highlights the potential of using such properties to direct the lineage towards which such cells follow. Moreover, the use of soluble growth factors to enhance the bioactivity and regenerative capacity of biomaterials has recently been adopted by researchers in the field of tissue engineering. In addition, gene therapy is a growing area that has found noteworthy use in tissue engineering partly due to the potential to overcome some drawbacks associated with current growth factor delivery systems. In this context, such advanced strategies in biomaterial science, cell-based and growth factor-based therapies that have been employed in the restoration and repair of damaged articular cartilage will be the focus of this review article.
关节软骨是一种独特的组织，因为它有能力在一个人的一生中承受反复的压缩应力。然而，它的主要局限性是即使是最轻微的损伤也无法愈合。目前仍然缺乏能够刺激具有适当功能特性的透明样关节软骨生长的策略。组织工程学的最新科学进展在开发用于关节软骨修复的构建体方面迈出了重要步伐。特别是，研究表明生物材料的物理化学性质具有显著影响祖细胞增殖、分化和基质沉积的潜力。因此，这凸显了利用这些性质来引导这些细胞所遵循的谱系的潜力。此外，使用可溶性生长因子来增强生物材料的生物活性和再生能力最近已被组织工程领域的研究人员所采用。此外，基因治疗是一个不断发展的领域，在组织工程中已得到显著应用，部分原因是它有可能克服与当前生长因子递送系统相关的一些缺点。在这种背景下，生物材料科学、基于细胞和基于生长因子的疗法中用于受损关节软骨修复和重建的这些先进策略将是本文综述的重点。
