3B's Research Group, I3B's - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark 4805-017, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
ICVS/3B's - P.T. Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
Biomater Sci. 2021 Oct 12;9(20):6718-6736. doi: 10.1039/d1bm00809a.
The body's self-repair capacity is limited, including injuries on articular cartilage zones. Over the past few decades, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) has focused its studies on the development of natural biomaterials for clinical applications aiming to overcome this self-therapeutic bottleneck. This review focuses on the development of these biomaterials using compounds and materials from marine sources that are able to be produced in a sustainable way, as an alternative to mammal sources (, collagens) and benefiting from their biological properties, such as biocompatibility, low antigenicity, biodegradability, among others. The structure and composition of the new biomaterials require mimicking the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage tissue. To design an ideal temporary tissue-scaffold, it needs to provide a suitable environment for cell growth (cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation), towards the regeneration of the damaged tissues. Overall, the purpose of this review is to summarize various marine sources to be used in the development of different tissue-scaffolds with the capability to sustain cells envisaging cartilage tissue engineering, analysing the systems displaying more promising performance, while pointing out current limitations and steps to be given in the near future.
人体的自我修复能力是有限的，包括关节软骨区域的损伤。在过去的几十年中，组织工程和再生医学（TERM）一直致力于开发天然生物材料，旨在克服这种自我治疗的瓶颈，以应用于临床。本综述重点介绍了使用海洋来源的化合物和材料开发这些生物材料的情况，这些材料能够以可持续的方式生产，以替代哺乳动物来源（如胶原蛋白），并受益于其生物特性，如生物相容性、低抗原性、可生物降解性等。新型生物材料的结构和组成需要模拟关节软骨组织的天然细胞外基质（ECM）。为了设计理想的临时组织支架，它需要为细胞生长（细胞附着、增殖和分化）提供合适的环境，以促进受损组织的再生。总的来说，本综述的目的是总结各种海洋来源，用于开发具有持续细胞功能的不同组织支架，以实现软骨组织工程，分析显示出更有前途性能的系统，同时指出当前的局限性和未来需要采取的步骤。
