Pastink A, Schalet A P, Vreeken C, Parádi E, Eeken J C
Mutat Res. 1987 Mar;177(1):101-15. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(87)90026-1.
X-Ray- and neutron-induced mutations at the white locus of Drosophila melanogaster were used to study the nature of radiation-induced genetic damage. Genetic analysis showed the presence of multi-locus deficiencies in 15 out of 31 X-ray mutants and in 26 out of 35 mutants induced by neutrons. The DNA from 11 X-ray and 4 neutron mutants, which were not multi-locus deficiencies, was analyzed by Southern blot-hybridization. Deletions were observed in 2 X-ray and 1 neutron mutant. In combination with cytogenetic techniques, chromosomal rearrangements affecting the white locus (translocations, inversions, etc.) were identified in 3 X-ray and in 2 neutron mutants. A hot-spot for translocation breakpoints was identified in the left arm of the third chromosome. 5 X-ray mutants, which apparently did not contain large deletions, were subjected to further analysis by the nuclease S1 protection method, after cloning of the white gene. In 4 mutants a small deletion could indeed be detected in this way. Thus it seems that by far the main part of X-ray- and neutron-induced white mutants have arisen through large changes in the white gene, especially deletions.
利用X射线和中子诱导的黑腹果蝇白眼基因座突变来研究辐射诱导的遗传损伤的本质。遗传分析表明，在31个X射线突变体中有15个以及在35个中子诱导的突变体中有26个存在多位点缺失。对11个X射线突变体和4个中子突变体（它们不是多位点缺失）的DNA进行了Southern印迹杂交分析。在2个X射线突变体和1个中子突变体中观察到了缺失。结合细胞遗传学技术，在3个X射线突变体和2个中子突变体中鉴定出了影响白眼基因座的染色体重排（易位、倒位等）。在第三条染色体的左臂上鉴定出了一个易位断点热点。在克隆白眼基因后，对5个显然不包含大缺失的X射线突变体用核酸酶S1保护法进行了进一步分析。通过这种方法确实在4个突变体中检测到了小缺失。因此，看来X射线和中子诱导的白眼突变体到目前为止主要是通过白眼基因的大的变化，尤其是缺失产生的。
