Lanius Ruth A, Rabellino Daniela, Boyd Jenna E, Harricharan Sherain, Frewen Paul A, McKinnon Margaret C
Department of Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada; Imaging Division, Lawson Health Research Institute, 750 Base Line Road East, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada; Homewood Research Institute, 150 Delhi St, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Apr;14:109-115. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.11.006. Epub 2016 Nov 26.
The innate alarm system (IAS), comprised of functionally connected brain regions including the brainstem, amygdala, pulvinar, and frontotemporal cortex, is a fast subcortical brain network facilitating rapid responses to threat. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) features subconscious and conscious threat detection, together contributing to hyperarousal symptoms. Emerging literature identifies aberrant threat-related neurocircuitry involved in subconscious and conscious threat processing in PTSD. We review this literature, focusing on subconscious threat processing and its relation to the IAS. Available evidence indicates increased neural activity and functional connectivity between IAS brain regions (e.g. locus coeruleus, superior colliculus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex). These alterations are observed during both subconscious threat processing and at rest, suggesting increased defensive posturing, maintained in the absence of overt threat.
先天警报系统（IAS）由包括脑干、杏仁核、丘脑枕和额颞叶皮层在内的功能相连的脑区组成，是一个快速的皮层下脑网络，有助于对威胁做出快速反应。创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的特征是潜意识和意识层面的威胁检测，共同导致过度警觉症状。新兴文献确定了PTSD中参与潜意识和意识层面威胁处理的异常威胁相关神经回路。我们回顾了这些文献，重点关注潜意识威胁处理及其与IAS的关系。现有证据表明IAS脑区（如蓝斑、上丘、杏仁核和前额叶皮层）之间的神经活动和功能连接增加。这些改变在潜意识威胁处理过程中和静息状态下均有观察到，表明在没有明显威胁的情况下防御姿态增强并持续存在。
