Kas Martien J H, Penninx Brenda W J H, Knudsen Gitte M, Cuthbert Bruce, Falkai Peter, Sachs Gary S, Ressler Kerry J, Bałkowiec-Iskra Ewa, Butlen-Ducuing Florence, Leboyer Marion, Marston Hugh, Luthman Johan, Mantua Valentina
Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Mol Psychiatry. 2025 Jun 19. doi: 10.1038/s41380-025-03070-5.
The current classification systems for mental disorders provide a uniform symptom-based language to describe and diagnose mental disorders. Clinicians use these classifications to communicate with their patients and colleagues, to treat patients, and when applicable, to request reimbursement from payers. In clinical research and drug development, diagnostic categories are used as enrollment criteria for clinical trials and to inform prescribing information for the appropriate use of therapeutic interventions. However, like other neuropsychiatric diseases, mental disorders arise from the biology of the brain and its bidirectional interaction with the environment. Current classification systems do not reflect this knowledge. With scientific progress in neuroscience, the time has come for global stakeholders to align research efforts to work toward integrating symptomatic, biological, and behavioral information into the definition of mental disorders to advance the development of effective treatments. The European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), following the 2024 New Frontiers Meeting, is coordinating a global initiative to design and implement a Precision Psychiatry Roadmap. By mobilizing resources and harmonizing translational methodologies and datasets, the aim is to discuss, design, and implement an iterative framework that incorporates biology-informed evidence into symptom-based syndromes, allowing for more discovery and implementation of mechanism-based effective treatments for mental disorders.
当前的精神障碍分类系统提供了一种基于症状的统一语言，用于描述和诊断精神障碍。临床医生使用这些分类与患者和同事沟通、治疗患者，并在适用时向付款方申请报销。在临床研究和药物开发中，诊断类别被用作临床试验的入组标准，并为治疗干预措施的合理使用提供处方信息。然而，与其他神经精神疾病一样，精神障碍源于大脑生物学及其与环境的双向相互作用。当前的分类系统并未反映这一知识。随着神经科学的科学进展，全球利益相关者将研究工作协调一致，朝着将症状、生物学和行为信息整合到精神障碍定义中以推动有效治疗方法发展的时机已经到来。欧洲神经精神药理学院（ECNP）在2024年新前沿会议之后，正在协调一项全球倡议，以设计和实施精准精神病学路线图。通过调动资源并协调转化方法和数据集，目标是讨论、设计和实施一个迭代框架，将基于生物学的证据纳入基于症状的综合征中，从而能够更多地发现和实施针对精神障碍的基于机制的有效治疗方法。
