Collins Dave, Carson Howie J
Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, UK.
Institute of Coaching and Performance, University of Central Lancashire, UK.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Aug;16:12-16. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.007. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
Over the past 15 years there has been much research into the PETTLEP model of motor imagery, originally designed to improve the quality and impact of imagery interventions on sport performance. This article reviews the most recent trends within this research. Despite a suggested change of underpinning mechanisms involved, there is much support for the positive impact of the model when applied within the sporting context and with engaged participants. The model also appears to have provided impact in fields other than sport, such as medicine and music. Therefore we suggest that it has largely met its desired aims. However, not all research has optimised the model's guidelines, with a distinct failure to account for personal relevance when designing imagery scripts or selecting tasks for use in studies. Other recent and pertinent findings relate to the mediating role of expectancy and beneficial augmentation through movement observation. Future research should, however, seek exploitation and clarification towards contemporary issues in motor control, namely; automaticity, the relative merits of internal and external foci and subconscious goal priming. Finally, we endorse the application of imagery, as a conscious intervention, even for execution of unconscious, fast-actions.
在过去15年里，人们对运动想象的PETTLEP模型进行了大量研究，该模型最初旨在提高想象干预对运动表现的质量和影响。本文回顾了这项研究中的最新趋势。尽管所涉及的潜在机制有所变化，但当该模型应用于体育情境且参与者积极参与时，其积极影响得到了很多支持。该模型似乎也在体育之外的其他领域产生了影响，如医学和音乐。因此，我们认为它在很大程度上实现了预期目标。然而，并非所有研究都优化了该模型的指导方针，在设计想象脚本或选择研究中使用的任务时，明显没有考虑个人相关性。其他近期相关研究结果涉及预期的中介作用以及通过运动观察实现的有益增强。然而，未来的研究应该探索和阐明运动控制中的当代问题，即自动化、内部和外部焦点的相对优点以及潜意识目标启动。最后，我们支持将想象作为一种有意识的干预措施应用，即使是用于执行无意识的快速动作。
