Murphy Sherry L, Mathews T J, Martin Joyce A, Minkovitz Cynthia S, Strobino Donna M
Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland; and
Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Hyattsville, Maryland; and.
Pediatrics. 2017 Jun;139(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-3239.
The number of births in the United States increased by 1% between 2013 and 2014, to a total of 3 988 076. The general fertility rate rose 1% to 62.9 births per 1000 women. The total fertility rate also rose 0.3% in 2014, to 1862.5 births per 1000 women. The teenage birth rate fell to another historic low in 2014, 24.2 births per 1000 women. The percentage of all births to unmarried women declined to 40.2% in 2014, from 40.6% in 2013. In 2014, the cesarean delivery rate declined to 32.2% from 32.7% in 2013. The preterm birth rate declined for the seventh straight year in 2014 to 9.57%; the low birth weight rate was unchanged at 8.00%. The infant mortality rate decreased to a historic low of 5.82 infant deaths per 1000 live births in 2014. The age-adjusted death rate for 2014 was 7.2 deaths per 1000 population, down 1% from 2013. Crude death rates for children aged 1 to 19 years did not change significantly between 2013 and 2014. Unintentional injuries and suicide were, respectively, the first and second leading causes of death in this age group. These 2 causes of death jointly accounted for 46.5% of all deaths to children and adolescents in 2014.
2013年至2014年期间,美国的出生人数增加了1%,总计达到3988076人。总生育率上升了1%,达到每1000名女性中有62.9例出生。2014年总生育率也上升了0.3%,达到每1000名女性中有1862.5例出生。青少年生育率在2014年降至另一个历史低点,为每1000名女性中有24.2例出生。未婚女性生育的所有婴儿的比例在2014年从2013年的40.6%降至40.2%。2014年,剖宫产率从2013年的32.7%降至32.2%。早产率在2014年连续第七年下降至9.57%;低体重儿出生率保持不变,为8.00%。2014年婴儿死亡率降至历史低点,每1000例活产中有5.82例婴儿死亡。2014年的年龄调整死亡率为每1000人口中有7.2例死亡,比2013年下降了1%。2013年至2014年期间,1至19岁儿童的粗死亡率没有显著变化。意外伤害和自杀分别是该年龄组的第一和第二大死因。2014年,这两种死因共同占儿童和青少年所有死亡人数的46.5%。