Hanada Kentaro
Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;997:69-81. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_5.
Lipids are the major constituents of all cell membranes and play dynamic roles in organelle structure and function. Although the spontaneous transfer of lipids between different membranes rarely occurs, lipids are appropriately transported between different organelles for their metabolism and to exert their functions in living cells. Proteins that have the biochemical capability to catalyze the intermembrane transfer of lipids are called lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). All organisms possess many types of LTPs. Recent studies revealed that LTPs are key players in the interorganelle transport of lipids at organelle membrane contact sites (MCSs). This chapter depicts how LTPs rationally operate at MCSs by using the ceramide transport protein CERT as a typical model for the LTP-mediated interorganelle transport of lipids.
脂质是所有细胞膜的主要成分，在细胞器的结构和功能中发挥着动态作用。尽管脂质在不同膜之间的自发转移很少发生，但为了其代谢以及在活细胞中发挥功能，脂质会在不同细胞器之间进行适当转运。具有催化脂质膜间转移生化能力的蛋白质被称为脂质转运蛋白（LTPs）。所有生物体都拥有多种类型的LTPs。最近的研究表明，LTPs是细胞器膜接触位点（MCSs）处脂质细胞器间转运的关键参与者。本章以神经酰胺转运蛋白CERT作为LTP介导的脂质细胞器间转运的典型模型，描述了LTPs如何在MCSs处合理发挥作用。
