Dickson Eamonn J
Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;997:95-109. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_7.
Cells that have intrinsic electrical excitability utilize changes in membrane potential to communicate with neighboring cells and initiate cellular cascades. Excitable cells like neurons and myocytes have evolved highly specialized subcellular architectures to translate these electrical signals into cellular events. One such structural specialization is sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites. These membrane contact sites are positioned by specific membrane-membrane tethering proteins and contain an ever-expanding list of additional proteins that organize information transfer across the junctional space (~ 15-25 nm distance) to shape membrane identity and control cellular excitability. In this chapter we discuss how contacts between the sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane are essential for regulated excitation-contraction coupling in striated muscle and control of lipid-dependent ion channels.
具有内在电兴奋性的细胞利用膜电位变化与相邻细胞进行通讯，并启动细胞级联反应。像神经元和心肌细胞这样的可兴奋细胞已经进化出高度专业化的亚细胞结构，以将这些电信号转化为细胞事件。一种这样的结构特化是肌浆网/内质网-质膜接触位点。这些膜接触位点由特定的膜-膜拴系蛋白定位，并包含越来越多的其他蛋白质，这些蛋白质组织跨连接空间（约15-25纳米距离）的信息传递，以塑造膜特性并控制细胞兴奋性。在本章中，我们将讨论肌浆网/内质网与质膜之间的接触如何对横纹肌中受调节的兴奋-收缩偶联以及脂质依赖性离子通道的控制至关重要。
