Schaffnit Susan B, Sear Rebecca
a London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
Popul Stud (Camb). 2017 Nov;71(3):345-361. doi: 10.1080/00324728.2017.1349924. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
Low fertility across Europe highlights the need to understand reproductive decisions in high-income countries better. Availability of support may be one factor influencing reproductive decisions, though within high-income countries availability varies between environments, including socio-economic environments. We test whether receiving higher levels of support, from different sources (informal and formal) and of different types (practical and emotional), is positively correlated with second births in the United Kingdom (UK) Millennium Cohort Study, and whether these relationships differ by socio-economic position (SEP). Our hypothesis is only partially supported: receiving emotional support correlates with higher likelihood of second birth, but the opposite is true for practical support. Availability of different types of support varies across SEP, but relationships between support and fertility are similar, with one exception: kin-provided childcare increases the likelihood of birth only among lower-SEP women. Our results highlight that not all support is equal in the decision to have a second child.
欧洲低生育率凸显了更好地理解高收入国家生育决策的必要性。支持的可获得性可能是影响生育决策的一个因素，尽管在高收入国家，包括社会经济环境在内的不同环境中，支持的可获得性存在差异。我们在英国千禧世代研究中检验了从不同来源（非正式和正式）和不同类型（实际和情感）获得更高水平的支持是否与二孩生育呈正相关，以及这些关系是否因社会经济地位（SEP）而异。我们的假设仅得到部分支持：获得情感支持与二孩生育的可能性更高相关，但实际支持的情况则相反。不同类型支持的可获得性因社会经济地位而异，但支持与生育之间的关系相似，只有一个例外：亲属提供的儿童保育仅增加了社会经济地位较低女性的生育可能性。我们的结果凸显出，在生育二孩的决策中，并非所有支持都是等同的。
