Guo Yaning, Ji Ming, You Xuqun, Huang Jie
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017 Sep 1;88(9):858-865. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4799.2017.
Pilots' mental health is an issue of crucial importance that may endanger flight safety. As such, it is of profound significance to address the question of what characteristics are protective of mental health among pilots. The present study aimed to explore the indirect effects of emotional intelligence (EI) on depression and anxiety via proactive coping, and examine the moderating role of previous flight experience (PFE) in the conditional indirect effect of EI on depression through proactive coping.
A cross-sectional regression design was used to measure EI (Trait Meta Mood Scale), proactive coping (Proactive Coping Scale), depression (The PHQ-9), and anxiety (The GAD-7) among 319 Chinese civil pilots from China Southern Airlines. Mediation and moderated mediation effects were explored using regression analyses and were confirmed by the bootstrapping approach.
Pilots reported relatively low levels of depression (M = 0.39, SD = 0.24) and anxiety (M = 0.22, SD = 0.23). Married pilots had higher levels of depression (t = 2.46) and anxiety (t = 3.07) than single pilots. Proactive coping mediated the association between EI and depression (B = -0.25), as well as the relationship between EI and anxiety (B = -0.23). Moreover, conditional process analysis showed that PFE moderated the indirect effect of EI on depression through proactive coping (b3 = 0.005), in which simple slope analysis showed a stronger mediating effect for pilots with more PFE (simple slope = -0.14).
The results showed that EI and proactive coping had protective potential in the prevention of depression and anxiety. Implications for the promotion of mental health and diminishing depression and anxiety among pilots are discussed.Guo Y, Ji M, You X, Huang J. Protective effects of emotional intelligence and proactive coping on civil pilots' mental health. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(9):858-865.
飞行员的心理健康是一个至关重要的问题，可能危及飞行安全。因此，探讨哪些特征对飞行员的心理健康具有保护作用具有深远意义。本研究旨在探讨情商（EI）通过积极应对方式对抑郁和焦虑的间接影响，并检验既往飞行经验（PFE）在EI通过积极应对方式对抑郁的条件间接效应中的调节作用。
采用横断面回归设计，对319名中国南方航空的中国民航飞行员进行情商（特质元情绪量表）、积极应对方式（积极应对量表）、抑郁（患者健康问卷-9）和焦虑（广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7）的测量。使用回归分析探讨中介和调节中介效应，并通过自助法进行验证。
飞行员报告的抑郁水平（M = 0.39，SD = 0.24）和焦虑水平（M = 0.22，SD = 0.23）相对较低。已婚飞行员的抑郁水平（t = 2.46）和焦虑水平（t = 3.07）高于单身飞行员。积极应对方式介导了EI与抑郁之间的关联（B = -0.25）以及EI与焦虑之间的关系（B = -0.23）。此外，条件过程分析表明，PFE调节了EI通过积极应对方式对抑郁的间接效应（b3 = 0.005），其中简单斜率分析显示，PFE较多的飞行员中介效应更强（简单斜率 = -0.14）。
结果表明，EI和积极应对方式在预防抑郁和焦虑方面具有保护潜力。讨论了对促进飞行员心理健康以及减少抑郁和焦虑的启示。
郭Y，季M，游X，黄J。情商和积极应对方式对民航飞行员心理健康的保护作用。航空航天医学与人类表现。2017；88（9）：858 - 865。
