Seetharamaiah Vanamali B, Sunil B, Padmanabha M K, Sparsha N
Department of Orthopedics, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Victoria Hospital, KR Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Orthop Case Rep. 2017 Mar-Apr;7(2):44-47. doi: 10.13107/jocr.2250-0685.744.
Pathological fractures due to secondaries in the bone are common with carcinoma of lung, breast, prostate, and in multiple myeloma. Multiple pathological fractures after a trivial fall, indicating metastases warrants detailed investigations for the search of primary. Skeletal secondaries should be strongly suspected in addition to obvious diagnosis of multiple myeloma in such cases.
We report a case of pathological fractures at multiple sites: The vertebral column, proximal shaft of femur, and contralateral fracture neck of femur. This patient presented with typical features of multiple myeloma, but on complete evaluation was found to be due to extensive metastases in the bones secondary to adenocarcinoma, the primary site of which remained unknown, despite extensive search and evaluation, making it a case of carcinoma of unknown primary.
While dealing with patients with extensive skeletal lesions and pathological fractures, secondaries due to adenocarcinoma elsewhere should be kept in mind along with other probabilities such as multiple myeloma.
骨转移导致的病理性骨折在肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌及多发性骨髓瘤中很常见。轻微跌倒后发生多处病理性骨折提示转移,需要进行详细检查以寻找原发灶。在此类病例中,除了明确诊断为多发性骨髓瘤外,还应高度怀疑骨转移。
我们报告一例多处病理性骨折病例:椎体、股骨近端骨干及对侧股骨颈骨折。该患者表现出多发性骨髓瘤的典型特征,但全面评估后发现是由腺癌骨转移广泛所致,尽管经过广泛检查和评估,原发部位仍不明,成为一例原发灶不明的癌症。
在处理有广泛骨骼病变和病理性骨折的患者时应考虑到其他可能性,如多发性骨髓瘤,同时也要考虑到其他部位腺癌转移的情况。