Marzban Maryam, Hadji Maryam, Gholipour Mahin, Rashidian Hamideh, Rezaianzadeh Abbas, Hasanzadeh Jafar, Haghdoost Ali Akbar, Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin, Ghiasvand Reza, Moradi Abdolvahab, Khavari-Daneshvar Hossein, Weiderpass Elisabete, Kamangar Farin, Zendehdel Kazem
a Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.
b Iranian National Centerfor Addiction Studies (INCAS) , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2019 Apr-Jun;18(2):309-318. doi: 10.1080/15332640.2017.1356256. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
Socioeconomic Status (SES) is considered as one of the important factors associated with use of various drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of SES on cigarette smoking, alcohol use, drug use, and passive exposure to opium and cigarette smoke. In this study, which is part of a multicenter case-control study, the research hypothesis was checked among controls who had referred to hospitals. Data were collected through a questionnaire and laboratory tests to determine the actual consumers of opium and other illicit drugs. Then, the data were analyzed using STATA 13. This study was performed on 364 individuals within the age range of 30 to 75 years. More than 55% of the participants had a history of life-time consumption of cigarettes and hookah as well as alcohol and drugs. The results revealed an inverse relationship between SES and life-time consumption of hookah and alcohol. Furthermore, individuals with higher SES were more likely to deny their drug use. The results revealed little robust evidence supporting the assumption that SES level can have an important effect on illicit drug use. On the other hand, the participants' characteristics could have a prominent effect on precise evaluation of the relationship between SES and drug use. Further multicenter studies are needed with samples diversified in terms of age and ethnicity to identify these confounding relationships.
社会经济地位（SES）被认为是与各种药物使用相关的重要因素之一。本研究旨在调查社会经济地位对吸烟、饮酒、药物使用以及鸦片和香烟烟雾被动暴露的影响。在这项作为多中心病例对照研究一部分的研究中，研究假设在前往医院就诊的对照组中进行了检验。通过问卷调查和实验室检测收集数据，以确定鸦片和其他非法药物的实际使用者。然后，使用STATA 13对数据进行分析。本研究对364名年龄在30至75岁之间的个体进行。超过55%的参与者有终身吸食香烟和水烟以及饮酒和使用药物的历史。结果显示社会经济地位与水烟和酒精的终身消费之间存在负相关关系。此外，社会经济地位较高的个体更有可能否认其药物使用情况。结果显示几乎没有有力证据支持社会经济地位水平会对非法药物使用产生重要影响这一假设。另一方面，参与者的特征可能会对社会经济地位与药物使用之间关系的精确评估产生显著影响。需要进一步开展多中心研究，样本在年龄和种族方面具有多样性，以识别这些混杂关系。
