Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Feb;74:142-152. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Magnesium (Mg) is the second most abundant cation in plants, and, as such, is involved in numerous physiological and biochemical processes, including photosynthesis, enzyme activation, and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. Due to its relatively small ionic radius and large hydrated radius, Mg binds weakly to soil and root surfaces, and thereby is easily leached from soil. Mg deficiency not only affects crop productivity and quality, but also contributes to numerous chronic human diseases. Therefore, Mg nutrition in plants is an important issue in nutrition and food security. To acquire and maintain high concentrations of Mg, plants have evolved highly-efficient systems for Mg uptake, storage and translocation. Advances in the understanding of fundamental principles of Mg nutrition and physiology are required in order to improve Mg nutrient management, Mg stress diagnosis, and genetic marker assisted breeding efforts. The aims of this review are to highlight physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying Mg biological functions and to summarize recent developments in the elucidation of Mg transport systems in plants.
镁（Mg）是植物中第二丰富的阳离子，参与许多生理和生化过程，包括光合作用、酶激活以及核酸和蛋白质的合成。由于其相对较小的离子半径和较大的水合半径，Mg 与土壤和根表面结合较弱，因此容易从土壤中淋失。Mg 缺乏不仅影响作物的生产力和质量，而且还导致许多慢性人类疾病。因此，植物中的 Mg 营养是营养和食品安全中的一个重要问题。为了获取和维持高浓度的 Mg，植物已经进化出高效的 Mg 吸收、储存和转运系统。为了改善 Mg 养分管理、Mg 胁迫诊断和遗传标记辅助育种工作，需要深入了解 Mg 营养和生理学的基本原理。本文旨在强调 Mg 生物学功能的生理和分子机制，并总结植物中 Mg 转运系统阐明的最新进展。
