Huiyu He, Chengyong Wang, Yue Zhang, Yanbin Zheng, Linlin Xu, Guoneng Xie, Danna Zhao, Bin Chen, Haoan Chen
1 NERCHD, School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
2 Dongguan Technician College, Dongguan, China.
Proc Inst Mech Eng H. 2017 Oct;231(10):959-974. doi: 10.1177/0954411917727245. Epub 2017 Aug 21.
In a craniotomy, the milling cutter is one of the most important cutting tools. The operating performance, tool durability and cutting damage to patients are influenced by the tool's sharpness, intensity and structure, whereas the cutting characteristics rely on interactions between the tool and the skull. In this study, an orthogonal cutting experiment during a craniotomy of fresh pig skulls was performed to investigate chip formation on the side cutting and face cutting of the skull using a high-speed camera. The cutting forces with different combinations of cutting parameters, such as the rake angle, clearance angle, depth of cut and cutting speed, were measured. The skull bone microstructure and cutting damage were observed by scanning electron microscope. Cutting models for different cutting approaches and various depths of cut were constructed and analyzed. The study demonstrated that the effects of shearing, tension and extrusion occur during chip formation. Various chip types, such as unit chips, splintering chips and continuous chips, were generated. Continuous pieces of chips, which are advisable for easy removal from the field of operation, were formed at greater depths of cut and tool rake angles greater than 10°. Cutting damage could be relieved with a faster recovery with clearance angles greater than 20°.
在开颅手术中，铣刀是最重要的切削工具之一。刀具的锋利度、强度和结构会影响其操作性能、刀具耐用性以及对患者的切削损伤，而切削特性则取决于刀具与颅骨之间的相互作用。在本研究中，利用高速摄像机对新鲜猪颅骨开颅手术进行了正交切削实验，以研究颅骨侧切削和端切削时的切屑形成情况。测量了不同切削参数组合（如前角、后角、切削深度和切削速度）下的切削力。通过扫描电子显微镜观察颅骨微观结构和切削损伤情况。构建并分析了不同切削方式和不同切削深度的切削模型。研究表明，在切屑形成过程中会出现剪切、拉伸和挤压作用。产生了各种切屑类型，如单元切屑、破碎切屑和连续切屑。在切削深度较大且刀具前角大于10°时，会形成便于从手术区域轻松清除的连续切屑片。后角大于20°时，切削损伤能够更快恢复从而得到缓解。
