Darawad Muhammad W, Hammad Sawsan, Mosleh Sultan, Samarkandi Osama A, Hamdan-Mansour Ayman, Khalil Amani A, Arabiat Diana
Dept. of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Dept. of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Iran J Public Health. 2017 Jun;46(6):771-781.
Self-Management is a crucial regimen for patients with diabetes mellitus. Many factors have affected patients' self-management practice including psychosocial factors. Literature revealed contradictory results concerning the psychosocial correlates of patients' self-management practices. Therefore, this study assessed the psychosocial correlates of diabetes self-management practices among Jordanian diabetic patients.
A descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational design was utilized to collect data (conducted in the middle region of Jordan in 2015) from 341 Jordanian outpatients with diabetes using self-reported questionnaires (Social Support Scale, CES-D, and Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) and chart review.
Participants reported practice rate of 2.85/ 7 (=1.3), with diet practice the most (=3.66, =1.5) and exercise the least (=1.53, =2.1). Participants reported receiving social support (=3.23, =1.3) less than needed (=3.39, =1.3). High levels of depressive symptoms were reported (=17.1, = 11.4). Diet practices had significant positive correlation with family support attitude (= .266, = .000) and negative correlation with depressive symptoms (= - .114, = .037). Testing blood sugar significantly correlated with both support needed (= .144, = .008) and support received (= .166, = .002).
Jordanian DM patients were found to practice less than optimum DM self-management practices, and to consider diet practices than exercise practices. This study confirmed that the subcategories of DM self-care management should be considered rather than considering the general plan.
自我管理是糖尿病患者的关键治疗方案。许多因素会影响患者的自我管理行为，包括社会心理因素。文献显示，关于患者自我管理行为的社会心理相关因素的研究结果相互矛盾。因此，本研究评估了约旦糖尿病患者自我管理行为的社会心理相关因素。
采用描述性、横断面、相关性设计，于2015年在约旦中部地区，通过自填问卷（社会支持量表、流调中心抑郁量表及糖尿病自我护理活动总结）和病历审查，收集了341名约旦糖尿病门诊患者的数据。
参与者报告的行为率为2.85/7（=1.3），其中饮食行为最高（=3.66，=1.5），运动行为最低（=1.53，=2.1）。参与者报告获得的社会支持（=3.23，=1.3）少于所需（=3.39，=1.3）。报告显示抑郁症状水平较高（=17.1，=11.4）。饮食行为与家庭支持态度呈显著正相关（=0.266，=0.000），与抑郁症状呈负相关（=-0.114，=0.037）。血糖检测与所需支持（=0.144，=0.008）和获得的支持（=0.166，=0.002）均显著相关。
发现约旦糖尿病患者的自我管理行为未达到最佳水平，且饮食行为优于运动行为。本研究证实，应考虑糖尿病自我护理管理的子类别，而非仅考虑总体计划。
