Covinsky J O
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1987 Apr;21(4):316-21. doi: 10.1177/106002808702100401.
Esmolol is an ultrashort-acting, cardioselective, intravenous beta-blocker with an elimination half-life of about nine minutes. After administration of a loading dose, its full therapeutic effect is evident within five minutes. Its efficacy in treating supraventricular arrhythmias is equal to that of propranolol, but unlike propranolol, the action of esmolol is titratable and is largely reversed within 10 to 30 minutes after stopping its administration. Esmolol is also effective in attenuating life-threatening perioperative tachycardia and hypertension caused by adrenergic stimulation in high-risk patients.
艾司洛尔是一种超短效、心脏选择性的静脉用β受体阻滞剂，消除半衰期约为9分钟。给予负荷剂量后，其完全治疗效果在5分钟内即可显现。其治疗室上性心律失常的疗效与普萘洛尔相当，但与普萘洛尔不同的是，艾司洛尔的作用是可滴定的，停药后10至30分钟内作用基本逆转。艾司洛尔在减轻高危患者因肾上腺素能刺激引起的危及生命的围手术期心动过速和高血压方面也有效。
