Chacko Biju, Mohan K M Syam, Ally K, Shyama K, Anil K S, Sathian C T
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy - 680 651, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
University Livestock Farm & Fodder Research and Development Scheme, Mannuthy - 680 651, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Vet World. 2017 Jul;10(7):836-842. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.836-842. Epub 2017 Jul 29.
This study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding paddy straw plus nonforage fiber sources based complete rations with different levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on hemato-biochemical and mineral parameters of lactating dairy cows.
The study was conducted for 6 months in 18 lactating dairy cows, divided into three groups of six each, by feeding them on paddy straw plus nonforage fiber sources based complete rations containing different levels of NDF, in two phases of 3 months (90 days) each, being the early and mid lactation phases, respectively. Three isonitrogenous and isocaloric complete rations, T1, T2 and T3 with 25%, 30% and 35% NDF, respectively, were fed to the experimental animals. Blood samples were collected at the beginning and the end of each of the two phases to estimate the different hematological, plasma protein, and mineral parameters to know the overall health status of the animals and standard methods were followed to analyze the samples.
There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in various hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, glucose, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in blood; plasma protein parameters such as total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin: globulin ratio and mineral parameters such as plasma calcium and phosphorus levels at the beginning and end of Phase I (1 day and 90 day) and Phase II (91 day and 180 day) as well as between the three dietary treatments, with all the values being in the normal range for lactating dairy cows. Even though nonsignificant (p>0.05), the BUN values of animals fed on ration T1, both at the beginning and end of Phase I, were higher than that of animals fed on rations T2 and T3 because the diet T1 with lowest NDF and the highest soluble carbohydrate content underwent rapid fermentation in the rumen, produced more energy, which was utilized by the rumen microbes to degrade the protein in the feed to ammonia, the excess ammonia being transported to the liver and excreted through the blood resulting in a higher BUN content.
Feeding of paddy straw plus nonforage fiber sources based complete rations with different levels of NDF had no effect on hemato-biochemical and mineral profile as well as overall health status of lactating dairy cows. However, the higher, BUN values found in cows fed on diet T1 with 25% NDF as compared to those fed on T2 and T3 with 30% and 35% NDF, respectively, indicate more wastage of protein in T1 as compared to T2 and T3, in early lactation.
本研究旨在评估饲喂含不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平的稻草加非饲草纤维源全价日粮对泌乳奶牛血液生化和矿物质参数的影响。
本研究在18头泌乳奶牛上进行，为期6个月，将其分为三组，每组6头，分别在两个为期3个月（90天）的阶段，即分别为泌乳早期和中期，饲喂含不同NDF水平的稻草加非饲草纤维源全价日粮。将三种等氮等热的全价日粮T1、T2和T3分别以25%、30%和35%的NDF水平饲喂给实验动物。在两个阶段的开始和结束时采集血样，以评估不同的血液学、血浆蛋白和矿物质参数，了解动物的整体健康状况，并采用标准方法分析样本。
在第一阶段（第1天和第90天）和第二阶段（第91天和第180天）开始和结束时，以及三种日粮处理之间，血液中的各种血液学参数如血红蛋白、葡萄糖和血尿素氮（BUN）；血浆蛋白参数如总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和白蛋白：球蛋白比值；以及矿物质参数如血浆钙和磷水平，均无显著差异（p>0.05），所有值均在泌乳奶牛的正常范围内。尽管差异不显著（p>0.05），但在第一阶段开始和结束时，饲喂日粮T1的动物的BUN值均高于饲喂日粮T2和T3的动物，因为NDF最低且可溶性碳水化合物含量最高的日粮T1在瘤胃中快速发酵，产生更多能量，瘤胃微生物利用这些能量将饲料中的蛋白质降解为氨，过量的氨被转运到肝脏并通过血液排出，导致BUN含量升高。
饲喂含不同NDF水平的稻草加非饲草纤维源全价日粮对泌乳奶牛的血液生化和矿物质状况以及整体健康状况没有影响。然而，与分别饲喂30%和35%NDF的T2和T3相比，饲喂含25%NDF的日粮T1的奶牛中发现的较高BUN值表明，在泌乳早期，T1中的蛋白质浪费比T2和T3更多。
