Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib Word University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Pb, 140406, India.
Curr Drug Targets. 2018;19(13):1478-1490. doi: 10.2174/1389450118666170823121248.
BACKGROUND: Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) constitute a group of proteins that play a crucial role in the process of protein folding. HSPs are also known to modulate a number of key apoptotic factors. High expression of these proteins is reported in an array of cancers, such as breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, ovarian, gastric, oral and esophageal cancer. Ample amount of investigations were carried out on a variety of cancers suggesting HSPs as a promising hallmark in cancers. Their expression profile in several tumors elucidates that they help in proliferation, invasion, metastasis and death of cancerous cells. Detection of the levels of heat shock proteins and their specific antibodies in the sera of diseased individuals can play an important role in cancer diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: This review will present and summarize latest research being carried out on heat shock proteins. It will also highlight the clinical and prognostic features of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90 and HSP110, and will discuss future implications of HSPs in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Furthermore, the role of heat shock proteins as a therapeutic target in cancer will be discussed. In addition, the review article will report various studies, where HSPs have been targeted for their therapeutic potential. CONCLUSION: In summary, multiple experimental investigations have been successful in suggesting the role of heat shock protein as a clinical biomarker and therapeutic target in cancer. HSPs are associated with a number of cancer hallmarks such as cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Inhibition of HSPs has resulted in successful therapeutic outcome in cancer. It has served as a novel anti-cancer therapy for the treatment of several cancer forms. However, more experimental studies are required to elucidate the reliability and efficacy of heat shock proteins in combination with other conventional markers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Novel and effective interventions through HSP inhibition are expected to decrease the burden of cancer in the near future.
背景：热休克蛋白（HSPs）构成了一组在蛋白质折叠过程中发挥关键作用的蛋白质。HSPs 还被认为调节许多关键的凋亡因子。这些蛋白质的高表达在多种癌症中都有报道，如乳腺癌、前列腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、胃癌、口腔癌和食管癌。大量的研究在各种癌症中进行，表明 HSPs 是癌症中有希望的标志。它们在几种肿瘤中的表达谱表明，它们有助于癌细胞的增殖、侵袭、转移和死亡。在患病个体的血清中检测热休克蛋白及其特异性抗体的水平可以在癌症诊断中发挥重要作用。
目的：本综述将介绍和总结目前正在进行的关于热休克蛋白的最新研究。它还将强调 HSP27、HSP60、HSP70、HSP90 和 HSP110 的临床和预后特征，并讨论 HSPs 在癌症诊断和预后中的未来意义。此外，还将讨论热休克蛋白作为癌症治疗靶点的作用。此外，综述文章将报告各种研究，其中 HSPs 已被作为治疗潜力的靶点。
结论：总之，多项实验研究成功地提出了热休克蛋白作为癌症临床生物标志物和治疗靶点的作用。HSPs 与许多癌症标志有关，如细胞增殖、侵袭和转移。抑制 HSPs 已导致癌症的治疗效果成功。它已作为一种新的抗癌疗法用于治疗多种癌症形式。然而，需要更多的实验研究来阐明热休克蛋白与其他常规标志物结合用于癌症诊断和预后的可靠性和有效性。通过 HSP 抑制的新的和有效的干预措施有望在不久的将来减轻癌症的负担。
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