Strepparava Nicole, Segner Helmut, Ros Albert, Hartikainen Hanna, Schmidt-Posthaus Heike, Wahli Thomas
Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology,Vetsuisse Faculty,Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health,University of Bern,Länggassstrasse 122,3012 Bern,Switzerland.
ETH and Eawag,Institute for Integrative Biology,Ueberlandstrasse 133,8600 Duebendorf,Switzerland.
Parasitology. 2018 Mar;145(3):281-291. doi: 10.1017/S0031182017001482. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
Climate change, in particular rising temperature, is suspected to be a major driver for the emergence of many wildlife diseases. Proliferative kidney disease of salmonids, caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, was used to evaluate how temperature dependence of host-parasite interactions modulates disease emergence. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) kept at 12 and 15 °C, were experimentally infected with T. bryosalmonae. Parasite development in the fish host and release of spores were quantified simultaneously to unravel parasite transmission potential from the vertebrate to the invertebrate host. A change to a stable plateau in infection intensity of the kidney coincided with a threshold at which spore shedding commenced. This onset of parasite release was delayed at the low temperature in accordance with reaching this infection intensity threshold, but the amount of spores released was irrespective of temperature. The production of parasite transmission stages declined with time. In conclusion, elevated temperature modifies the parasite transmission opportunities by increasing the duration of transmission stage production, which may affect the spread and establishment of the parasite in a wider range of rivers.
气候变化，尤其是气温上升，被怀疑是许多野生动物疾病出现的主要驱动因素。由粘孢子虫四极囊 bryosalmonae 引起的鲑科鱼类增殖性肾病，被用于评估宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用的温度依赖性如何调节疾病的出现。将褐鳟（Salmo trutta fario）饲养在12℃和15℃，并用 bryosalmonae 进行实验感染。同时对鱼类宿主中的寄生虫发育和孢子释放进行量化，以揭示从脊椎动物宿主到无脊椎动物宿主的寄生虫传播潜力。肾脏感染强度转变为稳定平台期与孢子开始脱落的阈值相吻合。根据达到该感染强度阈值，在低温下寄生虫释放的开始时间延迟，但释放的孢子量与温度无关。寄生虫传播阶段的产生随时间下降。总之，温度升高通过增加传播阶段产生的持续时间来改变寄生虫的传播机会，这可能会影响寄生虫在更广泛河流中的传播和定殖。
