Campbell M J, Lewis D A, Benoit R, Morrison J H
J Neurosci. 1987 Apr;7(4):1133-44. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.07-04-01133.1987.
The distribution of the prosomatostatin-derived peptides (PSDP), somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-28(1-12), in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) neocortex was characterized in quantitative immunohistochemical studies of 3 visual areas (V1, primary visual cortex; V2, the adjacent visual association area; and AIT, a visual association area in anterior inferior temporal cortex), 2 auditory areas (AI, primary auditory cortex; and T1, an adjacent auditory association area) and anterior cingulate cortex (Area 24). The results of similar quantitative analyses in 3 homologous areas in rat neocortex (primary visual, primary auditory, and anterior cingulate) are also presented. Primate cortical areas differed significantly in both density and laminar distribution of PSDP-immunoreactive profiles. Area 24, the most densely labeled area, had nearly 6 times as many PSDP-immunoreactive neurons as V1. Both auditory areas contained approximately two-thirds the number of PSDP-immunoreactive neurons found in Area 24; however, both had nearly 4 times as many immunoreactive neurons as V1. The 3 visual areas showed incremental increases in the number of PSDP-immunoreactive neurons; V2 contained nearly twice and AIT nearly 3 times the number of immunoreactive neurons present in V1. Both the supra- and infragranular layers were densely labeled in Area 24 and Area T1, however, in AI, V1, V2, and AIT the infragranular layers were relatively sparsely labeled. In contrast to the regional heterogeneity found in the primate neocortex, the distribution of immunoreactive neurons was quite uniform across the 3 rat cortical areas. The rat cortical areas contained substantially fewer immunoreactive neurons than most of the monkey cortical areas, and a majority of these immunoreactive neurons were located in the infragranular layers. These findings suggest that the regional specialization of primate neocortex involves the selective distribution of PSDP-immunoreactive neurons. They also suggest that chemically specified intrinsic organization of neocortex is not likely to be uniform across species or across cortical areas in the primate. The distinctive regional distribution patterns of PSDP-immunoreactive profiles appear to parallel that of the long corticocortical projections (contralateral and distant ipsilateral projections), suggesting an association between these presumed inhibitory interneurons and this important extrinsic system.
在对食蟹猴（猕猴）新皮层的3个视觉区域（V1，初级视觉皮层；V2，相邻的视觉联合区；以及AIT，颞下回前部的一个视觉联合区）、2个听觉区域（AI，初级听觉皮层；以及T1，相邻的听觉联合区）和前扣带回皮层（24区）进行的定量免疫组织化学研究中，对前促生长抑素衍生肽（PSDP）、生长抑素-28和生长抑素-28(1 - 12)的分布进行了表征。还展示了在大鼠新皮层3个同源区域（初级视觉、初级听觉和前扣带回）进行的类似定量分析结果。灵长类动物的皮层区域在PSDP免疫反应性轮廓的密度和层状分布上均存在显著差异。24区是标记最密集的区域，其PSDP免疫反应性神经元数量几乎是V1区的6倍。两个听觉区域的PSDP免疫反应性神经元数量约为24区的三分之二；然而，两者的免疫反应性神经元数量几乎是V1区的4倍。3个视觉区域的PSDP免疫反应性神经元数量呈递增趋势；V2区的免疫反应性神经元数量几乎是V1区的两倍，AIT区则几乎是V1区的3倍。24区和T1区的颗粒上层和颗粒下层均有密集标记，然而，在AI区、V1区、V2区和AIT区，颗粒下层的标记相对较少。与灵长类动物新皮层中发现的区域异质性相反，大鼠的3个皮层区域中免疫反应性神经元的分布相当均匀。大鼠皮层区域的免疫反应性神经元数量比大多数猴子皮层区域少得多，并且这些免疫反应性神经元大多数位于颗粒下层。这些发现表明，灵长类动物新皮层的区域特化涉及PSDP免疫反应性神经元的选择性分布。它们还表明，新皮层的化学特异性内在组织在物种间或灵长类动物的不同皮层区域中不太可能是统一的。PSDP免疫反应性轮廓独特的区域分布模式似乎与长距离皮质 - 皮质投射（对侧和同侧远距离投射）的模式平行，这表明这些假定的抑制性中间神经元与这个重要的外在系统之间存在关联。
