York University.
University of Toronto Mississauga.
J Pers. 2018 Aug;86(4):604-618. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12339. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Previous research on Extraversion and life satisfaction suggests that extraverted individuals are more satisfied with their lives. However, existing studies provide inflated effect sizes, as they were based on simple correlations. In five studies, the authors provide better estimates of the relationship between Extraversion and life satisfaction.
The current study examined student and nationally representative samples from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan (Study 1, N = 1,460; Study 2, N = 5,882; Study 3, N = 18,683; Study 4, N = 13,443; Study 5, Japan N = 952 and U.S. N = 891). The relationship between Extraversion and life satisfaction was examined using structural equation modeling by regressing life satisfaction on the Big Five traits.
Extraversion was a unique predictor of life satisfaction in the North American student and nationally representative samples (Study 1, β = .232; Study 2, β = .225; Study 5, β = .217), but the effect size was weaker or absent in other non-North American samples (Germany, United Kingdom, and Japan).
The findings attest to the moderating role of culture on Extraversion and life satisfaction and the importance of controlling for shared method variance.
先前关于外向性和生活满意度的研究表明，外向的个体对生活更满意。然而，现有的研究提供了夸大的效应量，因为它们是基于简单的相关性。在五项研究中，作者提供了外向性和生活满意度之间关系的更好估计。
本研究通过结构方程模型，将生活满意度回归到大五特质，考察了加拿大、美国、英国、德国和日本的学生和全国代表性样本（研究 1，N=1460；研究 2，N=5882；研究 3，N=18683；研究 4，N=13443；研究 5，日本 N=952，美国 N=891）中的外向性与生活满意度之间的关系。
在北美的学生和全国代表性样本中，外向性是生活满意度的独特预测因子（研究 1，β=0.232；研究 2，β=0.225；研究 5，β=0.217），但在其他非北美样本（德国、英国和日本）中，效应量较弱或不存在。
这些发现证明了文化对外向性和生活满意度的调节作用，以及控制共同方法偏差的重要性。
