Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minnesota.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2018 Jan;37(1):247-259. doi: 10.1002/etc.3953. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
Based on previous research on the acute toxicity of major ions (Na , K , Ca , Mg , Cl , SO , and HCO /CO ) to Ceriodaphnia dubia, a mathematical model was developed for predicting the median lethal concentration (LC50) for any ion mixture, excepting those dominated by K-specific toxicity. One component of the model describes a mechanism of general ion toxicity to which all ions contribute and predicts LC50s as a function of osmolarity and Ca activity. The other component describes Mg/Ca-specific toxicity to apply when such toxicity exceeds the general ion toxicity and predicts LC50s as a function of Mg and Ca activities. This model not only tracks well the observed LC50s from past research used for model development but also successfully predicts LC50s from new toxicity tests on synthetic mixtures of ions emulating chemistries of various ion-enriched effluents and receiving waters. It also performs better than a previously published model for major ion toxicity. Because of the complexities of estimating chemical activities and osmolarity, a simplified model based directly on ion concentrations was also developed and found to provide useful predictions. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:247-259. Published 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
基于先前对主要离子（Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、Cl−、SO2−4 和 HCO3−/CO32−）对大型溞急性毒性的研究，建立了一个数学模型，用于预测除受 K+特异性毒性主导的离子混合物以外的任何离子混合物的半数致死浓度（LC50）。该模型的一个组成部分描述了一种普遍离子毒性机制，所有离子都参与其中，并根据渗透压和 Ca2+活性预测 LC50。另一个组成部分描述了 Mg2+/Ca2+特异性毒性，当这种毒性超过普遍离子毒性时适用，并根据 Mg2+和 Ca2+活性预测 LC50。该模型不仅很好地跟踪了过去用于模型开发的研究中观察到的 LC50，而且还成功地预测了模拟各种富含离子的废水和接收水化学的离子合成混合物的新毒性测试中的 LC50。它的性能也优于先前发表的主要离子毒性模型。由于估计化学活性和渗透压的复杂性，还开发了一个直接基于离子浓度的简化模型，发现它提供了有用的预测。环境毒理化学 2018；37:247-259。2017 年 Wiley 期刊公司代表 SETAC 出版。本文是美国政府的一项工作，因此在美国属于公有领域。
