社区游戏与娱乐观察系统（SOPARC）：可靠性与可行性测量
System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC): Reliability and Feasibility Measures.
作者信息
McKenzie Thomas L, Cohen Deborah A, Sehgal Amber, Williamson Stephanie, Golinelli Daniela
出版信息
J Phys Act Health. 2006 Feb;3(s1):S208-S222. doi: 10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s208.
BACKGROUND
New tools are needed to examine physical activity and the contexts in which it occurs. Community parks contribute to physical activity, but measuring activity and associated variables in them is challenging because area contexts change and the numbers and characteristics of users are highly variable.
METHODS
We developed SOPARC (System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities) and tested its use by observing 16,244 individuals in 165 park areas. Reliabilities included 472 simultaneous measures by independent observers.
RESULTS
Correlations between observers on number of area participants was 0.99 for female and male park users. Reliabilities (i.e., percent agreement) for age (89%, females; 85%, males), race/ethnic (80%, females; 82%, males), and activity level (80%, females; 88%, males) groupings met acceptable criteria. Reliabilities for area contexts (i.e., usable, accessible, supervised, organized, equipped) exceeded 94%.
CONCLUSIONS
SOPARC is a reliable and feasible instrument for assessing physical activity and associated contextual data in community settings.
背景
需要新的工具来研究身体活动及其发生的环境。社区公园有助于促进身体活动，但在公园中测量活动及相关变量具有挑战性，因为区域环境会发生变化，而且使用者的数量和特征差异很大。
方法
我们开发了SOPARC（社区游戏和娱乐观察系统），并通过观察165个公园区域的16244个人来测试其用途。可靠性包括由独立观察者进行的472项同步测量。
结果
对于公园的女性和男性使用者，观察者之间关于区域参与者数量的相关性为0.99。年龄分组（女性为89%，男性为85%）、种族/族裔分组（女性为80%，男性为82%）和活动水平分组（女性为80%，男性为88%）的可靠性符合可接受标准。区域环境（即可用性、可达性、监督、组织、设施配备）的可靠性超过94%。
结论
SOPARC是一种可靠且可行的工具，用于评估社区环境中的身体活动及相关背景数据。
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