社区游戏与娱乐观察系统（SOPARC）：可靠性与可行性评估
System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC): Reliability and Feasibility Measures.
作者信息
McKenzie Thomas L, Cohen Deborah A, Sehgal Amber, Williamson Stephanie, Golinelli Daniela
机构信息
McKenzie is with the Dept of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182. Cohen, Sehgal, Williamson, and Golinelli are with the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA 90407.
出版信息
J Phys Act Health. 2006 Feb;3 Suppl 1:S208-S222.
BACKGROUND
New tools are needed to examine physical activity and the contexts in which it occurs. Community parks contribute to physical activity, but measuring activity and associated variables in them is challenging because area contexts change and the numbers and characteristics of users are highly variable. METHODS: We developed SOPARC (System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities) and tested its use by observing 16,244 individuals in 165 park areas. Reliabilities included 472 simultaneous measures by independent observers. RESULTS: Correlations between observers on number of area participants was 0.99 for female and male park users. Reliabilities (i.e., percent agreement) for age (89%, females; 85%, males), race/ethnic (80%, females; 82%, males), and activity level (80%, females; 88%, males) groupings met acceptable criteria. Reliabilities for area contexts (i.e., usable, accessible, supervised, organized, equipped) exceeded 94%. CONCLUSIONS: SOPARC is a reliable and feasible instrument for assessing physical activity and associated contextual data in community settings.
背景
需要新的工具来研究身体活动及其发生的环境。社区公园有助于促进身体活动，但在公园中测量活动及相关变量具有挑战性，因为区域环境会发生变化，而且使用者的数量和特征差异很大。方法：我们开发了SOPARC（社区游戏和娱乐观察系统），并通过观察165个公园区域的16244个人来测试其用途。可靠性包括由独立观察员进行的472项同步测量。结果：女性和男性公园使用者中，观察员之间关于区域参与者数量的相关性为0.99。年龄分组（女性89%；男性85%）、种族/族裔分组（女性80%；男性82%）和活动水平分组（女性80%；男性88%）的可靠性符合可接受标准。区域环境（即可用、可进入、有监督、有组织、有设施）的可靠性超过94%。结论：SOPARC是一种可靠且可行的工具，用于评估社区环境中的身体活动及相关背景数据。
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