Norman Gregory J, Nutter Sandra K, Ryan Sherry, Sallis James F, Calfas Karen J, Patrick Kevin
J Phys Act Health. 2006 Feb;3(s1):S118-S128. doi: 10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s118.
Neighborhood-level environmental features have been associated with adult physical activity and weight status, but this link has not been established for adolescents.
Community design and access to recreational facilities variables were derived using geographic information systems (GIS) for 799 adolescents (age 11 to 15 y, mean = 12.8 y, 53% girls, 43% ethnic minority). Environment variables were calculated for a 1-mile buffer around each participant's residence. Accelerometers measured min/d of physical activity.
Number of nearby recreation facilities and number of nearby parks correlated positively with girls' physical activity, and intersection density inversely related to girls' physical activity. Retail floor area ratio correlated positively with boys' physical activity. No community design or access to recreation variables were related to BMI-percentile.
There was limited evidence that both community design and access to recreation facilities variables were associated with adolescent physical activity, but additional built environment variables need to be studied that have particular relevance for youth.
社区层面的环境特征已被证明与成年人的身体活动和体重状况有关，但这一联系在青少年中尚未得到证实。
利用地理信息系统（GIS）得出社区设计和休闲设施可达性变量，涉及799名青少年（年龄11至15岁，平均年龄12.8岁，53%为女孩，43%为少数民族）。计算每个参与者住所周围1英里缓冲区内的环境变量。加速度计测量身体活动的分钟数/天。
附近休闲设施的数量和附近公园的数量与女孩的身体活动呈正相关，交叉路口密度与女孩的身体活动呈负相关。零售建筑面积比率与男孩的身体活动呈正相关。没有社区设计或休闲设施可达性变量与BMI百分位数相关。
仅有有限的证据表明社区设计和休闲设施可达性变量与青少年身体活动有关，但需要研究更多与青少年特别相关的建成环境变量。
