1 Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
2 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Qual Health Res. 2017 Dec;27(14):2138-2149. doi: 10.1177/1049732317725513. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Transmasculine (i.e., female-to-male transgender) individuals have lower rates of cervical cancer screening than nontransgender women and often report negative experiences with the Pap test. Deciding to undergo screening and the test experience itself are characterized by the following processes: negotiating identity as the patient, provider, and insurance company wrestle with the degree of (in)congruence between a patient's masculine gender identity and their conception of the Pap test as feminine; bargaining for health as a Pap test may be required to obtain medical transition services or avoid undesired health outcomes; withstanding acute challenges during the Pap test to body, identity, and privacy; or reframing challenges as affirmation. The degree of distress triggered by the Pap test varied from "routine" to traumatic. Participants affirmed that a trusted, trans-competent health care provider could significantly reduce barriers to regular and satisfactory cervical cancer screening. Data are from 32 in-depth interviews conducted in Boston, Massachusetts, with transmasculine individuals; a modified grounded theory approach informed the analysis.
跨性别男性（即女转男 transgender）个体的宫颈癌筛查率低于非跨性别女性，并且经常报告巴氏涂片检查的负面体验。决定进行筛查和检查体验本身的特点是以下过程：协商身份，患者、提供者和保险公司在患者的男性性别认同与他们对巴氏涂片检查的女性概念之间的（不）一致性程度上进行协商；争取健康，因为巴氏涂片检查可能是获得医疗过渡服务或避免不良健康结果的必要条件；在巴氏涂片检查期间承受身体、身份和隐私方面的急性挑战；或重新定义挑战为肯定。巴氏涂片检查引起的痛苦程度从“常规”到创伤不等。参与者肯定地表示，一个值得信赖的、有跨性别能力的医疗保健提供者可以显著减少定期和满意的宫颈癌筛查的障碍。数据来自马萨诸塞州波士顿进行的 32 次深入访谈，受访者为跨性别男性个体；修正后的扎根理论方法为分析提供了信息。
