Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430062, China.
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:8581072. doi: 10.1155/2017/8581072. Epub 2017 Aug 3.
In this study, the yield and yield components were studied using a conventional variety Zhongshuang 11 (ZS 11) and a hybrid variety Zhongyouza 12 (ZYZ 12) at varying plant densities. The increase in plant density led to an initial increase in seed yield and pod numbers per unit area, followed by a decrease. The optimal plant density was 58.5 × 10 plants ha in both ZS 11 and ZYZ 12. The further researches on physiological traits showed a rapid decrease in the green leaf area index (GLAI) and chlorophyll content and a remarkable increase in malondialdehyde content in high plant density (HPD) population than did the low plant density (LPD) population, which indicated the rapid leaf senescence. However, HPD had higher values in terms of pod area index (PAI), pod photosynthesis, and radiation use efficiency (RUE) after peak anthesis. A significantly higher level of dry matter accumulation and nitrogen utilization efficiency were observed, which resulted in higher yield. HPD resulted in a rapid decrease in root morphological parameters (root length, root tips, root surface area, and root volume). These results suggested that increasing the plant density within a certain range was a promising option for high seed yield in winter rapeseed in China.
本研究以常规品种中双 11（ZS11）和杂交品种中油杂 12（ZYZ12）为材料，研究了不同种植密度下的产量及其构成要素。随着种植密度的增加，单位面积的种子产量和荚数起初呈增加趋势，随后减少。ZS11 和 ZYZ12 的最佳种植密度均为 58.5×10 株/公顷。进一步的生理特性研究表明，与低密度（LPD）群体相比，高密度（HPD）群体的绿叶面积指数（GLAI）和叶绿素含量迅速下降，丙二醛含量显著增加，表明叶片迅速衰老。然而，HPD 在开花后峰值后具有更高的荚面积指数（PAI）、荚光合作用和辐射利用效率（RUE）。观察到更高的干物质积累和氮利用效率，从而导致更高的产量。HPD 导致根形态参数（根长、根尖、根表面积和根体积）迅速下降。这些结果表明，在一定范围内增加种植密度是提高中国冬油菜种子产量的一种有前途的选择。
