Lin Guobing, Wang Long, Li Yiyang, Li Jing, Qian Chen, Zhang Xia, Zuo Qingsong
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Jingyuan Rapeseed Production Professional Cooperative, Jiangdu, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jul 20;13(14):1986. doi: 10.3390/plants13141986.
Planting density is an important factor affecting plant growth and yield formation in rapeseed. However, the understanding of the mechanism underlying the impact of planting density on biomass, canopy, and ultimate seed yield remains limited. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of planting density on seed yield, yield components, biomass accumulation and partitioning, and canopy structure. Five planting density levels were set as D1 (2.4 × 10 plants ha), D2 (3.6 × 10 plants ha), D3 (5.4 × 10 plants ha), D4 (6.0 × 10 plants ha), and D5 (7.2 × 10 plants ha). The results showed that with planting density increasing from D1 to D3, the seed yield, number of pods in population, and 1000-seed weight increased, while seedling survival rate, yield per plant, number of pods per plant, and number of seeds per plant decreased. When planting density increased to D4 and D5, seed yield dramatically decreased due to a decreased number of seeds per pod and 1000-seed weight. Increasing planting density from D1 to D3 increased biomass accumulation in all organs. D3 produced the highest biomass partitioning in seeds. In addition, D2 and D3 treatments had a high level of pod area index (5.3-5.8), which caused an approximately 93% of the light to be intercepted. The distribution of light in D2 and D3 was more evenly spread, with the upper and lower parts of the canopy displaying a distribution ratio of roughly 7:3. Therefore, D2 and D3 produced the highest seed yields. In conclusion, D2 and D3 are recommended in rapeseed production due to their role in improving biomass accumulation and partitioning and canopy structure.
种植密度是影响油菜生长和产量形成的重要因素。然而，对于种植密度对生物量、冠层和最终种子产量影响的潜在机制的理解仍然有限。进行了一项田间试验，以研究种植密度对种子产量、产量构成因素、生物量积累与分配以及冠层结构的影响。设置了五个种植密度水平，分别为D1（2.4×10⁴株/公顷）、D2（3.6×10⁴株/公顷）、D3（5.4×10⁴株/公顷）、D4（6.0×10⁴株/公顷）和D5（7.2×10⁴株/公顷）。结果表明，随着种植密度从D1增加到D3，种子产量、群体荚果数和千粒重增加，而幼苗成活率、单株产量、单株荚果数和单株种子数减少。当种植密度增加到D4和D5时，由于每荚种子数和千粒重下降，种子产量急剧下降。从D1到D3增加种植密度会增加所有器官的生物量积累。D3在种子中的生物量分配最高。此外，D2和D3处理具有较高的荚面积指数（5.3 - 5.8），这导致约93%的光照被截获。D2和D3的光照分布更均匀，冠层上部和下部的分布比例约为7:3。因此，D2和D3的种子产量最高。总之，由于D2和D3在改善生物量积累与分配以及冠层结构方面的作用，建议在油菜生产中采用。
