Fraser Joana L, Sugimoto Dai, Yeng Yi-Men, d'Hemecourt Pierre A, Stracciolini Andrea
Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2017 Aug 10;5(8):2325967117723108. doi: 10.1177/2325967117723108. eCollection 2017 Aug.
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a painful and limiting condition of the hip that is often seen in young athletes. Previous studies have reported a higher prevalence of this disorder in male athletes, but data on the structural morphology of adolescent and young adult female athletes, specifically those involved in dance, are lacking.
(1) To investigate the radiographic morphology of FAI deformities in adolescent and young adult female single-sport dance and nondance athletes and (2) to examine the differences in the radiographic findings between these 2 groups.
Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.
A retrospective chart review of 56 female single-sport athletes 10 to 21 years of age with a diagnosis of FAI within a single-sports medicine division of a pediatric academic medical center was performed. Acetabular index (AI), lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), crossover sign, and ischial spine sign were measured bilaterally on anteroposterior radiographs; alpha angle (AA) was measured on lateral films, and anterior center-edge angle (ACEA) was measured on false-profile films. Independent tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare mean angle measurements between dance and nondance athletes. Dichotomized categorical variables and crossover and ischial spine signs were analyzed between dance and nondance athletes by applying a chi-square test. Statistical significance was set as < .05 a priori.
Significant differences in angle measurements were noted. AA was significantly lower in the dancers compared with the nondance athlete group (49.5° ± 6.0° vs 53.9° ± 7.3°, = .001). The LCEA and ACEA of dance athletes were significantly greater compared with nondance athletes (33.8° ± 6.7° vs 30.9° ± 5.8° [ = .016] and 36.0° ± 8.1° vs 32.3° ± 7.0° [ = .035], respectively). No significant difference in AI was seen between the 2 cohorts (5.0° ± 4.0° for dancers vs 5.9° ± 3.4° for nondancers, = .195).
Significant differences existed in the radiographic bony morphology of young female single-sport dance athletes compared with nondance athletes with FAI. In dance athletes, symptoms were seen in the setting of normal bony morphology.
股骨髋臼撞击症（FAI）是一种常见于年轻运动员的髋关节疼痛且功能受限的病症。既往研究报道该疾病在男性运动员中患病率较高，但关于青少年及年轻成年女性运动员，尤其是从事舞蹈运动的女性运动员的结构形态学数据尚缺乏。
（1）研究青少年及年轻成年女性单项运动舞蹈运动员和非舞蹈运动员中FAI畸形的影像学形态；（2）检查这两组运动员影像学表现的差异。
横断面研究；证据等级：3级。
对一家儿科学术医疗中心单一运动医学科诊断为FAI的56名10至21岁的女性单项运动运动员进行回顾性病历审查。在前后位X线片上双侧测量髋臼指数（AI）、外侧中心边缘角（LCEA）、交叉征和坐骨棘征；在侧位片上测量α角（AA），在假斜位片上测量前中心边缘角（ACEA）。采用独立t检验和Mann-Whitney检验比较舞蹈运动员和非舞蹈运动员的平均角度测量值。通过卡方检验分析舞蹈运动员和非舞蹈运动员之间的二分分类变量以及交叉征和坐骨棘征。统计学显著性预先设定为P <.05。
角度测量值存在显著差异。与非舞蹈运动员组相比，舞蹈运动员的AA显著更低（49.5°±6.0°对53.9°±7.3°，P =.001）。舞蹈运动员的LCEA和ACEA显著大于非舞蹈运动员（分别为33.8°±6.7°对30.9°±5.8°[P =.016]和36.0°±8.1°对32.3°±7.0°[P =.035]）。两组之间AI未见显著差异（舞蹈运动员为5.0°±4.0°，非舞蹈运动员为5.9°±3.4°，P =.195）。
与患有FAI的非舞蹈运动员相比，年轻女性单项运动舞蹈运动员的影像学骨形态存在显著差异。在舞蹈运动员中，症状出现在骨形态正常的情况下。
