Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Phys Sportsmed. 2024 Aug;52(4):333-342. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2023.2256210. Epub 2023 Sep 13.
Breaking has gained public attention as a form of sports activity. The associated intense movements of the hip joints are possibly linked to the development of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Therefore, this study aimed to assess clinical and radiographic FAI measures in professional breakers compared to hobby athletes.
The study cohort consisted of professional breakers with persisting hip pain who were 1:1 matched to a cohort of FAI patients without professional sports careers from our outpatient clinic. The primary endpoint assessed on standardized plain radiographs was the alpha angle (AA). Further measures were the acetabular index (AI), lateral center-edge angle (LCEA), crossover sign, ischial spine sign, and femoral head extrusion index (FHEI). The modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score were used to obtain patient-reported measures.
We recruited ten professional breakers and matched them to ten hobby athletes. The median AA was significantly higher in the breakers compared with the hobby athletes (73° [IQR 66.5°, 84.2°]) vs. 61.8° [IQR 59.5°, 64.8°], = 0.0004). There was a significant reduction in weekly training hours in breakers after diagnosis (13.0 hours [interquartile range [IQR] 9.5, 32.4] to 1.5 hours [IQR 0, 4.8], = 0.0039). There were no inter-group differences regarding mHHS, WOMAC, and additional radiographic measurements.
Breakers have higher AA in cam-type FAI compared to nonprofessional athletes. The corresponding hip pain significantly reduced training hours and caused the end of their breaking career. The potentially high prevalence of FAI in breakers and the corresponding consequences need to be considered early when athletes present with hip pain.
Breaking 作为一种运动形式已经引起了公众的关注。髋关节的剧烈运动可能与股骨髋臼撞击症（FAI）的发展有关。因此，本研究旨在评估专业 Breaking 运动员与业余运动员相比，临床和影像学 FAI 测量指标。
研究队列包括持续髋关节疼痛的专业 Breaking 运动员，他们与我们门诊诊所的无职业运动生涯的 FAI 患者进行 1:1 匹配。在标准化的普通 X 光片上评估的主要终点是 alpha 角（AA）。进一步的测量指标包括髋臼指数（AI）、外侧中心边缘角（LCEA）、交叉征、坐骨棘征和股骨头挤出指数（FHEI）。改良 Harris 髋关节评分（mHHS）和西部安大略省和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）评分用于获得患者报告的测量值。
我们招募了 10 名专业 Breaking 运动员，并与 10 名业余运动员进行了匹配。与业余运动员相比，Breaking 运动员的 AA 中位数明显更高（73°[IQR 66.5°，84.2°]）比 61.8°[IQR 59.5°，64.8°]，=0.0004）。诊断后，Breaking 运动员每周训练时间显著减少（13.0 小时[IQR 9.5，32.4]至 1.5 小时[IQR 0，4.8]，=0.0039）。在 mHHS、WOMAC 和其他影像学测量方面，两组之间没有差异。
与非职业运动员相比，专业 Breaking 运动员的 AA 更高，存在凸轮型 FAI。相应的髋关节疼痛显著减少了训练时间，并导致他们结束了 Breaking 生涯。当运动员出现髋关节疼痛时，需要尽早考虑到 Breaking 运动员中 FAI 的高患病率及其相应后果。
