非洲爪蟾卵提取物在着丝粒和动粒功能重建中的作用
The Power of Xenopus Egg Extract for Reconstitution of Centromere and Kinetochore Function.
作者信息
French Bradley T, Straight Aaron F
机构信息
Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, 279 Campus Drive, Beckman 409, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
出版信息
Prog Mol Subcell Biol. 2017;56:59-84. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58592-5_3.
Abstract
Faithful transmission of genetic information during cell division requires attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle via the kinetochore. In vitro reconstitution studies are beginning to uncover how the kinetochore is assembled upon the underlying centromere, how the kinetochore couples chromosome movement to microtubule dynamics, and how cells ensure the site of kinetochore assembly is maintained from one generation to the next. Here we give special emphasis to advances made in Xenopus egg extract, which provides a unique, biochemically tractable in vitro system that affords the complexity of cytoplasm and nucleoplasm to permit reconstitution of the dynamic, cell cycle-regulated functions of the centromere and kinetochore.
摘要
在细胞分裂过程中，遗传信息的忠实传递需要染色体通过动粒附着到有丝分裂纺锤体上。体外重建研究开始揭示动粒是如何在潜在的着丝粒上组装的，动粒如何将染色体运动与微管动力学耦合，以及细胞如何确保动粒组装位点代代相传。在这里，我们特别强调非洲爪蟾卵提取物所取得的进展，它提供了一个独特的、生化性质易于处理的体外系统，该系统具有细胞质和核质的复杂性，能够重建着丝粒和动粒的动态、细胞周期调控功能。
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