Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kijima Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-0011, Japan.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2018 Feb;26(2):442-447. doi: 10.1007/s00167-017-4681-9. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Female athletes are at greater risk of non-contact ACL injury. Three-dimensional kinematic analyses have shown that at-risk female athletes have a greater knee valgus angle during drop jumping. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between knee valgus angle and non-contact ACL injury in young female athletes using coronal-plane two-dimensional (2D) kinematic analyses of single-leg landing.
Two hundred ninety-one female high school athletes newly enrolled in basketball and handball clubs were assessed. Dynamic knee valgus was analysed during single-leg drop jumps using 2D coronal images at hallux-ground contact and at maximal knee valgus. All subjects were followed up for 3 years for ACL injury. Twenty-eight (9.6%) of 291 athletes had ACL rupture, including 27 non-contact ACL injuries. The injured group of 27 knees with non-contact ACL injury was compared with a control group of 27 randomly selected uninjured knees. The relationship between initial 2D movement analysis results and subsequent ACL injury was investigated.
Dynamic knee valgus was significantly greater in the injured group compared to the control group at hallux-ground contact (2.1 ± 2.4 vs. 0.4 ± 2.2 cm, P = 0.006) and at maximal knee valgus (8.3 ± 4.3 vs. 5.1 ± 4.1 cm, P = 0.007).
The results of this study confirm that dynamic knee valgus is a potential risk factor for non-contact ACL injury in female high school athletes. Fully understanding the risk factors that increase dynamic knee valgus will help in designing more appropriate training and interventional strategies to prevent injuries in at-risk athletes.
Prognostic studies, Level II.
女性运动员患非接触性 ACL 损伤的风险更高。三维运动学分析显示，高危女性运动员在进行跳落时膝关节内翻角度更大。本研究旨在通过对单腿落地的冠状面二维（2D）运动学分析，评估膝关节内翻角度与年轻女性运动员非接触性 ACL 损伤的关系。
评估了 291 名新入篮球和手球俱乐部的女高中生运动员。在单腿跳落时，使用 2D 冠状图像分析在足趾着地和最大膝关节内翻时的动态膝关节内翻。所有受试者均随访 3 年以观察 ACL 损伤。291 名运动员中有 28 名（9.6%）发生 ACL 断裂，其中 27 例为非接触性 ACL 损伤。将 27 例膝关节非接触性 ACL 损伤的损伤组与 27 例随机选择的未损伤膝关节的对照组进行比较。研究了初始 2D 运动分析结果与随后 ACL 损伤的关系。
与对照组相比，损伤组在足趾着地时的动态膝关节内翻明显更大（2.1 ± 2.4 与 0.4 ± 2.2 cm，P = 0.006），最大膝关节内翻时也更大（8.3 ± 4.3 与 5.1 ± 4.1 cm，P = 0.007）。
本研究结果证实，动态膝关节内翻是女性高中运动员非接触性 ACL 损伤的潜在危险因素。充分了解增加动态膝关节内翻的危险因素将有助于设计更合适的训练和干预策略，以预防高危运动员受伤。
预后研究，II 级。
