Beck Malene, Poulsen Ingrid, Martinsen Bente, Birkelund Regner
Department of Nursing Science, Department of Neurology, Institute of Public Health, Zealand University Hospital, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.
Institute of Public Health, Research Manager at the Research Unit on Brain Injury Rehabilitation Copenhagen (RUBRIC), Clinic of Neurorehabilitation, TBI Unit, Rigshospitalet, Aarhus University, Hvidovre, Denmark.
Scand J Caring Sci. 2018 Mar;32(1):317-325. doi: 10.1111/scs.12464. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Many patients suffering from a neurological disease experience eating difficulties during mealtimes in the hospital. Consequently, they often refrain from eating in public places to avoid potentially awkward situations. Eating is an essential part of life, providing patients with comfort during their hospitalisation. Therefore, attention should be paid to these patients, who encounter eating difficulties to foster a positive mealtime experience.
To study what patients afflicted with a neurological disease experience and assign meaning when participating in mealtimes during hospitalisation.
Ten semi-structured interviews with patients were conducted and recorded. After transcription the text was analysed, and interpreted compromising three methodological steps inspired by the French philosopher, Paul Ricouer.
Three themes were identified through data analysis and interpretation: i) The missing feeling of homeliness, ii) The battle between socialisation vs. isolation, and iii) The sense of time, rhythm, and presence.
To patients suffering from a neurological disease, mealtimes are not only a manageable task, but also a part of existential care that leads to positive experience. Aesthetic elements were shown to have the potential of making the patients feel comfortable and homely when hospitalised. This was important, as our study also identified that patients were longing for homeliness when participating in mealtimes during hospitalisation.
Our findings emphasised the need of proceeding to interventions that includes mealtime assistance and protects the mealtime activity. Hence, it informs hospital organisations of the importance of restructuring mealtime environment, so that existential care can take place.
许多患有神经系统疾病的患者在医院用餐时会遇到进食困难。因此，他们常常避免在公共场所进食，以免出现尴尬局面。进食是生活的重要组成部分，能在患者住院期间给予他们慰藉。所以，应该关注这些有进食困难的患者，以营造积极的用餐体验。
研究患有神经系统疾病的患者在住院期间参与用餐时的经历及赋予其的意义。
对患者进行了10次半结构化访谈并录音。转录后对文本进行分析和解读，采用了受法国哲学家保罗·利科启发的三个方法步骤。
通过数据分析和解读确定了三个主题：i）缺少家的感觉；ii）社交与孤立之间的较量；iii）时间、节奏和在场感。
对于患有神经系统疾病的患者来说，用餐时间不仅是一项可管理的任务，也是存在关怀的一部分，能带来积极体验。研究表明，审美元素有可能让患者在住院期间感到舒适和像在家一样。这很重要，因为我们的研究还发现，患者在住院期间参与用餐时渴望有在家的感觉。
我们的研究结果强调了进行包括用餐协助和保护用餐活动在内的干预措施的必要性。因此，它告知医院组织重新构建用餐环境的重要性，以便能够提供存在关怀。
