Etesami Hassan
Department of Soil Science, University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, 31587-77871 Tehran, Iran.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Jan;147:175-191. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.032. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
Heavy metal pollution of agricultural soils is one of main concerns causing some of the different ecological and environmental problems. Excess accumulation of these metals in soil has changed microbial community (e.g., structure, function, and diversity), deteriorated soil, decreased the growth and yield of plant, and entered into the food chain. Plants' tolerance to heavy metal stress needs to be improved in order to allow growth of crops with minimum or no accumulation of heavy metals in edible parts of plant that satisfy safe food demands for the world's rapidly increasing population. It is well known that PGPRs (plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria) enhance crop productivity and plant resistance to heavy metal stress. Many recent reports describe the application of heavy metal resistant-PGPRs to enhance agricultural yields without accumulation of metal in plant tissues. This review provides information about the mechanisms possessed by heavy metal resistant-PGPRs that ameliorate heavy metal stress to plants and decrease the accumulation of these metals in plant, and finally gives some perspectives for research on these bacteria in agriculture in the future.
农业土壤的重金属污染是引发一些不同生态和环境问题的主要担忧之一。这些金属在土壤中的过量积累改变了微生物群落（如结构、功能和多样性），使土壤恶化，降低了植物的生长和产量，并进入食物链。为了使作物生长，同时在满足世界人口快速增长对安全食品需求的植物可食用部分中重金属积累最少或没有积累，需要提高植物对重金属胁迫的耐受性。众所周知，植物促生根际细菌（PGPRs）可提高作物生产力和植物对重金属胁迫的抗性。最近许多报告描述了应用抗重金属的PGPRs来提高农业产量，同时植物组织中没有金属积累。本综述提供了有关抗重金属PGPRs改善植物重金属胁迫并减少这些金属在植物中积累的机制的信息，最后对未来这些细菌在农业中的研究给出了一些展望。
