Asadi Sarvestani Khadijeh, Ahmadi Aliyar, Enayat Halimeh, Movahed Majid
Dept. of Sociology and Social Planning, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2017 Jul;46(7):973-981.
High rate of unintended pregnancies in Iran is one of problems in family planning. The main goal of this study was to determine the rate of unintended pregnancies and to examine factors among married women in Shiraz City, Iran. It also discusses the possible effects of new population policies on the rate of unintended pregnancy.
In this quantitative and survey study, data were collected by researcher-made questionnaire with interviewer from 400 pregnant women in Shiraz City referred to public and private health centers for prenatal care in 2013. Data were analyzed by SPSS both descriptively and analytically.
Overall, 17% of total pregnancies were unintended. The highest rate occurred among couples whose level of education was under diploma. In addition, women above 39 yr old experienced a higher rate of unintended pregnancy. The most popular methods were pills, withdrawal, and condom. The highest rate of unintended pregnancy was related to withdrawal. Knowledge about modern contraceptives particularly emergency contraceptives was low. Age, residence place, use of traditional contraception methods, knowledge about contraceptives, fear of side effects and couple agreement on contraception method were the main predictors of unintended pregnancy.
There is still unmet need in family planning. The main predictors of unintended pregnancies are high prevalence of traditional contraception methods and insufficient knowledge about modern contraception methods. Policymakers should pay more attention to these issues. Furthermore, although Iranian policy makers are worried about low fertility, they need to be aware that new population policy through restriction of access to family planning services is effective, but also may exacerbate the problem by leading to a higher chance of unintended pregnancy.
伊朗意外怀孕率高是计划生育中的问题之一。本研究的主要目的是确定伊朗设拉子市已婚妇女的意外怀孕率，并检查相关因素。研究还讨论了新人口政策对意外怀孕率可能产生的影响。
在这项定量调查研究中，研究人员自制问卷，于2013年通过访谈者从设拉子市前往公共和私人卫生中心进行产前检查的400名孕妇中收集数据。数据通过SPSS进行描述性和分析性分析。
总体而言，17%的怀孕是意外怀孕。意外怀孕率最高的是教育水平低于文凭的夫妇。此外，39岁以上的女性意外怀孕率更高。最常用的避孕方法是避孕药、体外射精和避孕套。意外怀孕率最高的是体外射精。对现代避孕药具尤其是紧急避孕药的了解程度较低。年龄、居住地点、传统避孕方法的使用、对避孕方法的了解、对副作用的恐惧以及夫妻对避孕方法的共识是意外怀孕的主要预测因素。
计划生育方面仍有未满足的需求。意外怀孕的主要预测因素是传统避孕方法的高使用率和对现代避孕方法的了解不足。政策制定者应更加关注这些问题。此外，尽管伊朗政策制定者担心生育率低，但他们需要意识到，新的人口政策通过限制获得计划生育服务，虽然有效，但也可能因导致意外怀孕几率增加而加剧问题。
