De Sanctis Vincenzo, Soliman Ashraf T, Elsedfy Heba, Soliman Nada A, Elalaily Rania, Di Maio Salvatore, Ahmed Alaa Y, Millimaggi Giuseppe
Pediatric and Adolescent Outpatient Clinic, Quisisana Hospital, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
Acta Biomed. 2017 Aug 23;88(2):232-236. doi: 10.23750/abm.v88i2.6050.
Paraovarian cysts or paratubal cysts (PTCs) arise from either the mesothelium or from paramesonephric remnants. These present as either adnexal mass or as an incidental finding. Diagnosis is usually established on ultrasound and it is important to differentiate these from ovarian cysts. Typically PCTs appear as simple cysts by ultrasound and are indistinguishable from ovarian cysts if one does not recognize the extraovarian location. Occasionally, PTCs have internal echoes due to hemorrhage. PTCs are usually asymptomatic and benign. The differential diagnosis includes a simple ovarian cyst, peritoneal inclusion cyst and hydrosalpinx. Malignant changes have been reported in about 2% to 3%, and it should be suspected if papillary projections are present. PTCs management depend upon the presence and severity of the symptoms, the cyst size and US characteristics, CA 125 results, age of the patient and the risk of malignancy. Simple PTCs can be expected to regress and may be managed expectantly. When surgery is indicated, a joint multidisciplinary management by the paediatric surgeons and trained paediatric gynaecologists should be the gold standard.
卵巢旁囊肿或输卵管旁囊肿（PTCs）起源于间皮或副中肾残余组织。这些囊肿表现为附件包块或偶然发现。通常通过超声进行诊断，将其与卵巢囊肿区分开来很重要。典型的PTCs在超声下表现为单纯囊肿，如果不认识到其卵巢外位置，则与卵巢囊肿难以区分。偶尔，PTCs因出血而有内部回声。PTCs通常无症状且为良性。鉴别诊断包括单纯卵巢囊肿、腹膜包涵囊肿和输卵管积水。约有2%至3%的病例报告有恶性变化，如果存在乳头状突起则应怀疑。PTCs的治疗取决于症状的有无和严重程度、囊肿大小及超声特征、CA 125结果、患者年龄以及恶性风险。单纯的PTCs有望自行消退，可进行观察处理。当需要手术时，由小儿外科医生和经过培训的小儿妇科医生进行多学科联合管理应是金标准。
