慢性肾病患者三种饮食质量指数的比较。

Comparison of Three Diet Quality Indices for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

作者信息

Rouhani Mohammad Hossein, Mortazavi Najafabadi Mojgan, Moeinzadeh Firouzeh, Esmaillzadeh Ahmad, Feizi Awat, Azadbakht Leila

机构信息

Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Kidney Diseases Research Center and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

出版信息

Arch Iran Med. 2017 Aug;20(8):474-480.

PMID:28846010

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have specific dietary needs due to recommended dietary restrictions. However, there is no specific index for evaluating the quality of diet in patients with CKD. OBJECTIVE: To define and compare three specific diet quality indices in patients with CKD.

METHODS

Two hundred twenty-one subjects with CKD were selected for this cross-sectional study. The patients' Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Total protein intake per body weight (TP/BW), animal protein intake per body weight (AP/BW) and animal protein to vegetable protein ratio (AP/VP) were defined as diet quality indices. Renal function was measured by blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr).

RESULTS

Patients in the highest tertile of TP/BW and tertile of AP/BW consumed more amounts of nutrients which should be limited in CKD (i.e., sodium, potassium and phosphorus). Subjects in the last tertile of AP/BW had higher BUN and Cr. A marginally significant increased risk of higher stage of CKD across the tertiles of AP/BW was observed after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.06, 4.56; P = 0.08).

CONCLUSION

The results showed that AP/BW is a good diet quality index and is marginally associated with being in higher stages of CKD.

摘要

背景

由于推荐的饮食限制，慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者有特定的饮食需求。然而，尚无评估CKD患者饮食质量的特定指标。

目的

定义并比较CKD患者的三种特定饮食质量指标。

方法

选取221例CKD患者进行这项横断面研究。采用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估患者的饮食摄入量。将每体重总蛋白摄入量（TP/BW）、每体重动物蛋白摄入量（AP/BW）和动物蛋白与植物蛋白比值（AP/VP）定义为饮食质量指标。通过血尿素氮（BUN）和血清肌酐（Cr）测量肾功能。

结果

TP/BW最高三分位数和AP/BW三分位数的患者摄入了更多CKD患者应限制的营养素（即钠、钾和磷）。AP/BW最低三分位数的受试者BUN和Cr更高。在调整潜在混杂因素后，观察到AP/BW三分位数间CKD更高分期的风险有边缘性显著增加（OR = 2.20，95%CI：1.06，4.56；P = 0.08）。