Yuzbashian Emad, Asghari Golaleh, Mirmiran Parvin, Zadeh-Vakili Azita, Azizi Fereidoun
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nephrology (Carlton). 2016 Jul;21(7):608-16. doi: 10.1111/nep.12646.
To evaluate cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs), sugar sweetened carbonated soft drinks (SSSDs), and fruit juice drink consumption and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a population based study.
At baseline, 2382 participants, aged >27 years, of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with complete data on serum creatinine, cardio-metabolic risk factors, and diet were included for cross-sectional analysis. After 3 years, 1690 subjects, free of baseline CKD and with complete follow-up data, were included for longitudinal analysis. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation and CKD was defined as eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) . Dietary intake was collected using a food-frequency questionnaire and SSSDs and all kinds of fruit juice drinks were combined to estimate the intake of SSBs. To assess the association of SSBs and CKD, logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, energy intake, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, sodium, diabetes, and hypertension were used.
The mean age of participants and serving of SSBs/week were 45.0 years and 2.3, respectively. Compared to participants taking <0.5 serving/week, consumption of more than four servings of SSBs and SSSDs per week was associated with increased odds ratio (OR) of prevalent CKD (1.77 and 2.14, respectively). In longitudinal analyses, the risk of incident CKD increased by consumption of four servings/week, compared to less than 0.5 serving/week of SSBs (OR: 1.96; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.23-3.15) and SSSDs (OR: 2.45; 95% CI:1.55-3.89).
Consumption of over four servings per week of SSBs and SSSDs was associated with higher prevalence and incidence of CKD.
在一项基于人群的研究中，评估含糖饮料（SSB）、含糖碳酸软饮料（SSSD）和果汁饮料的消费与慢性肾脏病（CKD）风险之间的横断面和纵向关系。
在基线时，德黑兰脂质与葡萄糖研究中2382名年龄大于27岁且有血清肌酐、心血管代谢危险因素和饮食完整数据的参与者被纳入横断面分析。3年后，1690名无基线CKD且有完整随访数据的受试者被纳入纵向分析。使用肾脏疾病饮食改良研究方程计算估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR），CKD定义为eGFR<60 mL/（min·1.73 m²）。使用食物频率问卷收集饮食摄入量，将SSSD和各类果汁饮料合并以估计SSB的摄入量。为评估SSB与CKD的关联，采用了对年龄、性别、能量摄入、吸烟、体力活动、体重指数、钠、糖尿病和高血压进行校正的逻辑回归分析。
参与者的平均年龄为45.0岁，每周饮用SSB的份数平均为2.3份。与每周饮用少于0.5份的参与者相比，每周饮用超过4份SSB和SSSD与CKD患病率的比值比（OR）增加相关（分别为1.77和2.14）。在纵向分析中，与每周饮用少于0.5份SSB（OR：1.96；95%置信区间（CI）：1.23 - 3.15）和SSSD（OR：2.45；95%CI：1.55 - 3.89）相比，每周饮用4份SSB和SSSD会增加CKD发病风险。
每周饮用超过4份SSB和SSSD与CKD的较高患病率和发病率相关。
