Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Bodega Bay, California 94923-0247; email:
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, California 93510.
Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2018 Jan 3;10:345-369. doi: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060514. Epub 2017 Aug 28.
Plankton are transported onshore, providing subsidies of food and new recruits to surf-zone and intertidal communities. The transport of plankton to the surf zone is influenced by wind, wave, and tidal forcing, and whether they enter the surf zone depends on alongshore variation in surf-zone hydrodynamics caused by the interaction of breaking waves with coastal morphology. Areas with gently sloping shores and wide surf zones typically have orders-of-magnitude-higher concentrations of plankton in the surf zone and dense larval settlement in intertidal communities because of the presence of bathymetric rip currents, which are absent in areas with steep shores and narrow surf zones. These striking differences in subsidies have profound consequences; areas with greater subsidies support more productive surf-zone communities and possibly more productive rocky intertidal communities. Recognition of the importance of spatial subsidies for rocky community dynamics has recently advanced ecological theory, and incorporating surf-zone hydrodynamics would be an especially fruitful line of investigation.
浮游生物被运送到海岸线上，为冲浪区和潮间带群落提供了食物和新的补充。浮游生物向冲浪区的输送受风和波浪以及潮汐的影响，它们是否进入冲浪区取决于冲浪区水动力的沿岸变化，这是由破浪与海岸形态相互作用引起的。具有平缓海岸和宽阔冲浪区的地区，由于存在地形裂流，其冲浪区的浮游生物浓度通常高出数量级，潮间带群落中的幼虫定殖也很密集，而在陡峭海岸和狭窄冲浪区的地区则不存在地形裂流。这种显著的补贴差异产生了深远的影响；补贴较多的地区支持更具生产力的冲浪区群落，可能也支持更具生产力的多岩石潮间带群落。最近，人们认识到空间补贴对多岩石群落动态的重要性，推动了生态理论的发展，而将冲浪区水动力纳入其中将是一个特别富有成效的研究方向。
