Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 N Patterson, Oxford, OH 45056, USA.
Department of Psychology, Auburn University, 226 Thach Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2018 Aug;22:63-67. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.08.023. Epub 2017 Aug 12.
Suicide is the second leading cause of death among individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), and suicidal behavior is elevated in bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED) relative to the general population. This paper reviews the suicidality literature within each ED, as well as theoretical explanations for the elevated risk for suicidality among those with EDs. Approximately one-quarter to one-third of people with AN, BN, or BED have thought about suicide, and one-quarter to one-third of people with AN and BN have attempted suicide. Relative to gender and aged matched comparison groups, individuals with AN are 18 times more likely to die by suicide, and individuals with BN are seven times more likely to die by suicide. However, the majority of the research in this area is cross-sectional or retrospective, which leaves the timing of the mortality risk unclear. Longitudinal work that is designed to examine dynamic and acute fluctuations in suicidality among ED samples is needed in order to determine meaningful risk factors.
自杀是神经性厌食症（AN）患者的第二大主要死因，而在暴食症（BN）和暴食障碍（BED）患者中，自杀行为的发生率高于普通人群。本文综述了每种 ED 中的自杀研究，以及对 ED 患者自杀风险升高的理论解释。大约四分之一到三分之一的 AN、BN 或 BED 患者有过自杀念头，四分之一到三分之一的 AN 和 BN 患者有过自杀行为。与性别和年龄匹配的对照组相比，AN 患者自杀的可能性高 18 倍，BN 患者自杀的可能性高 7 倍。然而，该领域的大多数研究都是横断面或回顾性的，这使得死亡率的时间不清楚。需要进行旨在检查 ED 样本中自杀行为的动态和急性波动的纵向研究，以确定有意义的风险因素。
