Universidad de la Sabana, Faculty of Medicine, Therapeutic Evidence Group, Chia, Colombia.
Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Grupo de Investigacion en Desarrollo y Calidad de Productos Farmaceuticos y Cosmeticos (GIDECA), Bogota, Colombia.
Curr Pharm Des. 2018;24(1):22-45. doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170828133059.
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive loss of structure or neuron function, often associated with neuronal death. Treatments for neurodegenerative diseases only address symptoms without having any disease-modifying effect but serious side effects. Currently, there is no effective treatment for NDDs. This is due to the poor flow of drugs to the blood-barrier brain (BBB) which does not allow macromolecules like proteins and peptides to pass through it. Targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) for the diagnosis and treatment of NDDs, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), is restricted due to the limitations posed by the BBB as well as opsonization by plasma proteins in the systemic circulation and peripheral side-effects. Nanotechnology thereby presents a broad approach for transporting molecules through the BBB, thus allowing the entry of substances acting directly on the site affected by the disease. The aim of this review is to outline current strategies in nanotechnology for treating Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
神经退行性疾病（NDDs）的特征是结构或神经元功能的进行性丧失，通常伴有神经元死亡。治疗神经退行性疾病的方法只能针对症状，而没有任何疾病修饰作用，但会产生严重的副作用。目前，还没有有效的治疗 NDDs 的方法。这是由于药物向血脑屏障（BBB）的输送不良，不允许蛋白质和肽等大分子通过。由于 BBB 的限制以及在全身循环和外周副作用中被血浆蛋白调理，针对 NDDs（如阿尔茨海默病（AD））的中枢神经系统（CNS）的靶向药物递送受到限制。纳米技术因此为通过 BBB 输送分子提供了广泛的方法，从而允许直接作用于受疾病影响部位的物质进入。本文的目的是概述纳米技术在治疗阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病方面的当前策略。
