Seidenberg J M, Becker R A
Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1987;7(1):17-28. doi: 10.1002/tcm.1770070105.
Fifty-five chemicals, including known teratogens, known embryotoxins, equivocal teratogens, nonembryotoxins, and nonteratogens, as well as compounds of unknown teratogenic or embryotoxic potential, were evaluated in the Chernoff/Kavlock developmental toxicity screen. All chemicals were administered by gavage to pregnant ICR/SIM mice on gestation days 8 through 12. The mice were allowed to deliver, and several neonatal growth and viability parameters were measured in the offspring. Comparative statistical analysis of these parameters between treated animals and concurrent (vehicle-treated) controls provided a data base to evaluate the validity of the developmental toxicity screen as an assay to detect teratogens and embryotoxins. Of the 26 compounds reported in the literature to be teratogenic or embryotoxic in mice following oral administration, 24 were positive in the developmental toxicity screen. Of the compounds previously tested in conventional assays and found to be devoid of teratogenic or embryotoxic activity in mice, 93% were negative in the developmental toxicity screen. The importance of experimental design, dose selection, and neonatal growth and viability measurements as they relate to interpretation and evaluation of the results of the developmental toxicity assay are discussed.
在切尔诺夫/卡夫洛克发育毒性筛选试验中，对55种化学物质进行了评估，这些化学物质包括已知的致畸剂、已知的胚胎毒素、可疑致畸剂、非胚胎毒素、非致畸剂，以及致畸或胚胎毒性潜力未知的化合物。所有化学物质均在妊娠第8至12天经口灌胃给予怀孕的ICR/SIM小鼠。让小鼠分娩，并测量后代的几个新生儿生长和活力参数。通过对处理动物与同期（溶剂处理）对照之间这些参数进行比较统计分析，提供了一个数据库，以评估发育毒性筛选试验作为检测致畸剂和胚胎毒素的检测方法的有效性。在文献报道的26种经口服给药后在小鼠中具有致畸或胚胎毒性的化合物中，有24种在发育毒性筛选试验中呈阳性。在先前常规试验中检测且发现对小鼠无致畸或胚胎毒性活性的化合物中，93%在发育毒性筛选试验中呈阴性。讨论了实验设计、剂量选择以及新生儿生长和活力测量在发育毒性试验结果解释和评估中的重要性。
