University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hanzeplein 1, 9713GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Jan;84:325-336. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.08.014. Epub 2017 Aug 25.
We conducted meta-analyses of relationships between highly prevalent substance use during pregnancy and offspring conduct disorder problems. In total 36 studies were included. Odds ratios (ORs) were 2.06 (1.67-2.54, 25 studies) for maternal smoking, 2.11 (1.42-3.15, 9 studies) for alcohol use, and 1.29 (0.93-1.81, 3 studies) for cannabis use, while a single study of caffeine use reported no effects. Our meta-analyses support an association between smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy, and offspring conduct problems, yet do not resolve causality issues given potential confounding by genetic factors, gene-environment interactions, and comorbidity such as with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. Future studies should use genetically sensitive designs to investigate the role of pregnancy substance use in offspring conduct problems and may consider more broadly defined behavioral problems.
我们对怀孕期间高度流行的物质使用与后代品行障碍问题之间的关系进行了荟萃分析。共有 36 项研究被纳入。母亲吸烟的优势比（OR）为 2.06（1.67-2.54，25 项研究），饮酒的 OR 为 2.11（1.42-3.15，9 项研究），使用大麻的 OR 为 1.29（0.93-1.81，3 项研究），而一项关于咖啡因使用的单一研究则报告没有影响。我们的荟萃分析支持怀孕期间吸烟和饮酒与后代品行问题之间的关联，但鉴于遗传因素、基因-环境相互作用以及与注意缺陷多动障碍等共病的潜在混杂，无法解决因果关系问题。未来的研究应该使用遗传敏感设计来调查妊娠物质使用在后代品行问题中的作用，并可能考虑更广泛定义的行为问题。
