Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
Mediators Inflamm. 2017;2017:6059203. doi: 10.1155/2017/6059203. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) emerges as an important regulator of immunity, mainly by signaling through a family of five specific G protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5). While S1P signaling generally has the potential to affect not only trafficking but also differentiation, activation, and survival of a diverse range of immune cells, the specific outcome depends on the S1P receptor repertoire expressed on a given cell. Among the S1PRs, S1PR4 is specifically abundant in immune cells, suggesting a major role of the S1P/S1PR4 axis in immunity. Recent studies indeed highlight its role in activation of immune cells, differentiation, and, potentially, trafficking. In this review, we summarize the emerging data that support a major role of S1PR4 in modulating immunity in humans and mice and discuss therapeutic implications.
鞘脂类神经酰胺 1-磷酸（S1P）作为一种重要的免疫调节剂出现，主要通过信号转导家族中的五个特定的 G 蛋白偶联受体（S1PR1-5）来实现。虽然 S1P 信号通常有可能不仅影响运输，而且影响各种免疫细胞的分化、激活和存活，但具体结果取决于特定细胞上表达的 S1P 受体谱。在 S1PR 中，S1PR4 在免疫细胞中特别丰富，这表明 S1P/S1PR4 轴在免疫中具有重要作用。最近的研究确实强调了它在免疫细胞的激活、分化，以及潜在的运输中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了支持 S1PR4 在调节人类和小鼠免疫中起主要作用的新数据，并讨论了治疗意义。
